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Neuroscience 1 > Skull and Vasculature of the Brain Lab > Flashcards

Skull and Vasculature of the Brain Lab Flashcards

1
Q

how are the bones of the skull formed

A

both intramembranous and endchondral ossification

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2
Q

fontanelles- posterior and anterior

A

“soft spots” where the bones of the skull have not fused yet in an infant. allows growth

posterior- occipital bone and parietal bones

anterior- frontal and parietal bones

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3
Q

sutures

A

fibrous joints between the bones of the skll

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4
Q

calvaria vs cranium

A

frontal, parietal, and occipital bones

frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal bones

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5
Q

coronal suture

A

parietal/frontal

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6
Q

sagittal suture

A

parietal/parietal

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7
Q

lambdoid suture

A

occipital/parietal

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8
Q

bregma

A

intersectoin of sagittal and coronal sutures

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9
Q

lambda

A

intersection of sagittal and lambdoid sutures

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10
Q

sphenoid bone

A

butterfly shaped bone at the center of the skull. greater and lesser wings, and holds pituitary gland

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11
Q

zygomatic process

A

process of the temporal bone that articulates with zygomatic bones

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12
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

canal in the temporal bone that forms part of the external ear

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13
Q

mastoid process

A

rounded process on the temporal bone posterior to the auricle of the ear, sit of muscle attachment

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14
Q

gabella

A

flat portion of the frontal bone between the orbits

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15
Q

nasal bones

A

paired bones that form the bridge of the superior nose

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16
Q

maxillae

A

paired bones located in the midportion of the facial skeleton

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17
Q

zygomatic bones

A

cheek bones

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18
Q

mandible

A

bone of the lower jaw

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19
Q

mental protuberance

A

prominence at the midpoint of the mandible (chin)

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20
Q

supraorbital foramen

A

opening in the superior orbit that conveys the supraorbital nerve and vessels (may be a notch)

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21
Q

infraorbital foramen

A

opening in the maxilla inferior to the orbit w/ infraorbital nerve and vessesls

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22
Q

mental foramen

A

opening in anterior mandible that conveys the mental nerves and vessels

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23
Q

occipital condylesq

A

two rounded prominences on inferior occipital bone that articulate w/ atlas

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24
Q

3 structures that travel through the foramen magnum

A

brainstem/spine, vertebral arteries, CNXI (accessory)

25
Q

styloid processes

A

project from inferior temporal bone, attachment site for muscles/ligaments

26
Q

stylomastoid foramen

A

found between the mastoid and styloid processes, the facial nerve (VII) travel here

27
Q

mandibular fossa

A

shallow fossa on temporal bone where mandibular condyle articulates

28
Q

what cranial nerves travel through the jugular foramen

A

CN IX, X, and XI

29
Q

hard palate

A

bony portion of the palate comprised of maxillae and palantine bones

30
Q

what structure separates the anterior and middle fossa?

A

lesser wing of the sphenoid

31
Q

what structure separates the middle and posterior fossas?

A

petrous ridge

32
Q

crista galli

A

structure in midline anterior fossa where the falx cerebri attaches

33
Q

cribiform plate

A

found in the midline anterior fossa, forms the roof of the nasal cavity. has openings that allow olfactory nerves to pass into nasal cavity

34
Q

roof of the orbit

A

prominences in the anterior fossa above each orbit

35
Q

where do the passages in the cribiform plate lead?

A

nasal cavity

36
Q

hypophyseal fossa

A

depression in the sphenoid bone that contains the pituitary gland

37
Q

superior orbital fissure

A

crack between greater and lesser sphenoid wings that allows communication between middle cranial fossa and orbit

38
Q

foramen rotundum

A

conveys the maxillary division of CN V (facial)

39
Q

foramen ovale

A

conveys the mandibular division of CN V (facial)

40
Q

foramen spinosum

A

conveys middle meningeal artery

41
Q

carotid canal

A

conveys internal carotid

42
Q

optic canal

A

conveys opthalmic artery and optic nerve

43
Q

hypoglossal canal

A

found on the rim of the foramen magnum, conveys CNXII after it leaves the brainstem

44
Q

internal acoustic meatus

A

foramen on the posterior petrous part of temporal bone, communicates w/ internal ear

45
Q

grooves for the transverse and sigmoid sinus

A

grooves on internal surface of the occipital/temporal bones that convey the transverse and sigmoid sinuses

46
Q

middle meningeal artery

A

travels between the outer layer of the dura and calvaria, supplying both structures

damage leads to epidural hematoma

47
Q

arachnoid granulations

A

sites of CSF resorption- movement of the CSF from the subarachnoid space into the blood

48
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

interval between the 2 hemispheres

49
Q

cerebral veins

A

“bridging veins” veins that drain blood from the brain and transport it to dural venous sinuses. located in the subarachnoid space and must penetrate the arachnoid and inner dura to reach the sinuses

50
Q

falx cerebri

A

fold of dura that extends between cerebral hemispheres containing the inferior and superior sagittal sinuses

51
Q

tentorium cerebelli

A

horizontal fold of dura between posterior cerebrum and cerebellum

contains transverse sinus and petrosal sinus

52
Q

confluence of sinuses

A

deep to occipital bone where straight, superior sagittal, transverse, and occipital sinuses meet

53
Q

cavernous sinuses

A

dural sinuses located on either side of the hypophyseal fossa

54
Q

what arteries supply the brain

A

2 vertebral and 2 internal carotid

55
Q

anterior choroidal artery

A

arises from internal carotid before bifricating into anterior and middle cerebral arteries, travels dorsally w/ optic tract

56
Q

anterior spinal artery

A

arises from rostral vertebral arteries, contributes blood to brainstem and spinal cord

57
Q

where is the posterior perforated substance?

A

interpenduncular fossa

58
Q

lenticulostriate arteries

A

perforating branches of the middle cerebral arteries

Neuroscience 1 (13 decks)

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