Topical Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a gel?

A

Thickened aqueous solution, high molecular weight

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2
Q

What is a cream?

A

Semi-solid emulsion of oil and water, contains preservatives and emulsifiers. Easy to apply, non greasy and cosmetically acceptable.

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3
Q

What is an ointment?

A

Semi-solid emulsion of oil and water, greasy so less cosmetically acceptable. Doesn’t contain preservative and emulsifiers however. Better applied at night. There is a risk of contamination.

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4
Q

What is a lotion?

A

Liquid formulation for use on scalp and hair baring areas

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5
Q

What is a paste?

A

Semi-solid containing finely powered materials. Protective and occlusive

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6
Q

How much emollient should be prescribed per week for the whole body?

A

500-800mg

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7
Q

What is the mode of action for topical steroids?

A

Vasoconstrictive, anti-inflammatory proliferation

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8
Q

How much topical steroid is required to cover the whole body?

A

20-30mg

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9
Q

How should topical steroids be quantified?

A

1 finger tip=0.5mg=2 hand areas

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10
Q

What are some of the side effects of topical steroids?

A

thinning of skin, purpura and stretch marks, steroid rosacea, fixed telangastasia

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11
Q

Name an antiseptic that can be used in recurrent infections and wound irritation etc..

A

Potassium permanganate bath for 10mins

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12
Q

What topical antibiotic should be prescribed for Rosacea?

A

Metrodonizole

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13
Q

What topical antibiotic should be prescribed for Impetigo?

A

Fusidic acid

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14
Q

What topical antibiotic should be prescribed for Acne?

A

Tetracyclines, erthyromicin

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15
Q

When should anti-viral agents be given?

A

For eczema herpeticum, Herpes Zoster Virus, Herpes simplex

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16
Q

What is the risks and benefits of using Vitamin D analogue to treat psoriasis topically?

A

Clean, doesn’t smell, not messy

Can cause hypercalcaemia as it affects calcium metabolism

17
Q

Name some of the topical treatment options for psoriasis

A

Coal tar, Emollients, vitamin D analogue, Dithranol, Keratinolytic, topical steriod

18
Q

When can calineurin inhibitors be used?

A

to suppress lymphocytes activation, can prevent flare ups in eczema