Topical Ocular Anti-Infectives Flashcards
Name all of the antimicrobial drug families available to optometrists?
Aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, macrolides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, fusidic acid, antiprotozoal and antivirals.
Name the antibacterials drug families available to entry level optometrists?
Chloramphenicol, fusidic acid, antiprotozoal and antivirals
name the antimicrobial drug families available to IP optometrists?
Aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, macrolides, quinolones
What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides?
Interferes with ribosome function
What is the action of cephalosporins?
Interferes with cell wall synthesis
What is the action of macrolides?
Inhibits translocation during protein synthesis taking place at ribosomes
What is the action of quinolones?
Interferes with DNA gyrase to inhibit protein metabolism
What is the action of chloramphenicol?
Inhibits protein synthesis by interacting with bacterial ribosome
What is the mechanism of topical antiprotozoal?
Aromatic diamidine disinfectant with antib, antip, and antif actions
What is the action of topical antivirals?
Blocks ability of herpes simplex to replicate DNA.
Name some forms of aminoglycosides and what they treat?
Gentamicin, tobramycin and neomycin, for bacterial infections
Name some forms of cephalosporins and what they treat?
Cefuroxine, prophylactic treatment of endophalmitis post cataract surgery.
Name some forms of macrolides and what they treat?
Azithromycin and erythromycin, chlamydia trachomatic and bacterial conjunctivits.
Name some forms of quinolones and what they treat?
Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and ofloxacin, superficial bacterial infections
What is chloramphenicol used to treat?
Superficial bacterial infections that are not resolving by themselves
What is fucidic acid used to treat?
Marginal keratitis, blepharitis and conjunctivits
What are some forms of topical anti-protozoal drugs and what do they treat?
Propamadine isethionate, dibrompromadine and propramidine isethionate, treatment of minor eye infections conj. and bleph.
Name some forms of topical antivirals and what they treat?
Aciclovir, ganciclovir, treatment of herpes simplex keratitis
