Topic1- Elements, Compounds And Mixtures

Question 1

What is an element?

Answer 1

Substance consisting of only one type of atom. Cannot be broken down into anything simpler.
e.g iron, chlorine, argon etc

Question 2

What are the particles in an element called?

Answer 2

ATOMS- simplest particles of an element e.g gold
MOLECULES-2 or more atoms joined e.g oxygen

Question 3

how are all substances different?

Answer 3

They are made of different atoms

Question 4

give the appearance + if solid/liquid/gas @20 degrees of IRON

Answer 4

shiny, hard, solid

Question 5

give the appearance and state of CARBON @20 degrees

Answer 5

hard, brittle,black, solid

Question 6

give the appearance and state of ALUMINIUM @20 degrees

Answer 6

shiny grey, solid

Question 7

give the appearance and state of OXYGEN @20 degrees

Answer 7

not visible, gas

Question 8

give the appearance and state of COPPER @20 degrees

Answer 8

shiny, bendy, solid

Question 9

give the appearance and state of MAGNESIUM @20 degrees

Answer 9

Silver ribbon ,solid

Question 10

give the appearance and state of HYDROGEN @20 degrees

Answer 10

not visible, gas

Question 11

what is an atom?

Answer 11

simplest particle of element that can exist on its own

Question 12

what is a molecule?

Answer 12

2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

Question 13

Give the appearance and state of SULFUR @20 degrees

Answer 13

bright, yellow, solid

Question 14

give the appearance and state of BROMINE @20degrees

Answer 14

dull, brown, liquid

Question 15

Give the appearance and state of CALCIUM at 20 degrees

Answer 15

dull,grey, solid

Question 16

give the symbol for hydrogen

Answer 16

H

Question 17

symbol for lithium

Answer 17

Li

Question 18

Symbol for sodium

Answer 18

Na

Question 19

Symbol for potassium

Answer 19

K

Question 20

Symbol for magnesium

Answer 20

Mg

Question 21

Symbol for calcium

Answer 21

Ca

Question 22

Symbol for barium

Answer 22

Ba

Question 23

Symbol for aluminium

Answer 23

Al

Question 24

Symbol for iron

Answer 24

Fe

Question 25

Symbol for silver

Answer 25

Ag

Question 26

Symbol for carbon

Answer 26

C

Question 27

Symbol for silicon

Answer 27

Si

Question 28

Symbol for lead

Answer 28

Pb

Question 29

Symbol for nitrogen

Answer 29

N

Question 30

Symbol for phosphorus

Answer 30

P

Question 31

Symbol for oxygen

Answer 31

O

Question 32

Symbol for sulfur

Answer 32

S

Question 33

Symbol for chlorine

Answer 33

Cl

Question 34

Symbol for bromine

Answer 34

Br

Question 35

Symbol for iodine

Answer 35

I

Question 36

What is the periodic table?

Answer 36

approx 100 elements period is horizontal row group is vertical column 1st letter of element is capital and 2nd letter is lowercase

Question 37

How do you separate an iron and sulphur mixture?

Answer 37

Iron is magnetic so if magnet is stirred through mixture, iron will stick to it. Sulphur will not as it is non-magnetic.

Question 38

What does malleable mean?

Answer 38

Can be hammered into shape

Question 39

What does ductile mean?

Answer 39

To be drawn into wires

Question 40

Give some properties of metals

Answer 40

good conductors of electricity and heat usually high melting/boiling points all solids at room temp except mercury shiny solids usually malleable and ductile.

Question 41

Give some properties of non metals

Answer 41

soft + brittle (except diamond) Poor conductors of heat Usually low melting/boiling points Poor conductors of electricity (except graphite) usually dull (diamond is exception) gas/solid/liquid at room temp

Question 42

What is a compound?

Answer 42

Substance formed when two or more (different) elements are chemically combined. Pure substance. Cannot be separated easily. They have completely different properties to elements used to make them.

Question 43

What are the particles in a compound called?

Answer 43

Molecules

Question 44

how do we name compounds?

Answer 44

-ends in -ide if contains 2 elements -ends in -ate if it contains three or more elements. (One being oxygen) e.g iron +sulfur —> iron sulfide e.g sodium+nitrogen+oxygen—> sodium nitrate

Question 45

what is a mixture?

Answer 45

2 or more substances mixed together. Usually easy to separate.

Question 46

what can mixtures be composed of? Give three types

Answer 46

mixture of elements mixture of element + compounds Mixture of compounds.

Question 47

How do we write common compounds as symbols?

Answer 47

e.g water (H20) state of compound = liquid elements present in compound=2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen. state of each element present in compound- H- gas, O-gas.