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Chemistry Year 9 > Topic1- Elements, Compounds And Mixtures > Flashcards

Topic1- Elements, Compounds And Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an element?

A

Substance consisting of only one type of atom. Cannot be broken down into anything simpler.
e.g iron, chlorine, argon etc

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2
Q

What are the particles in an element called?

A

ATOMS- simplest particles of an element e.g gold
MOLECULES-2 or more atoms joined e.g oxygen

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3
Q

how are all substances different?

A

They are made of different atoms

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4
Q

give the appearance + if solid/liquid/gas @20 degrees of IRON

A

shiny, hard, solid

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5
Q

give the appearance and state of CARBON @20 degrees

A

hard, brittle,black, solid

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6
Q

give the appearance and state of ALUMINIUM @20 degrees

A

shiny grey, solid

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7
Q

give the appearance and state of OXYGEN @20 degrees

A

not visible, gas

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8
Q

give the appearance and state of COPPER @20 degrees

A

shiny, bendy, solid

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9
Q

give the appearance and state of MAGNESIUM @20 degrees

A

Silver ribbon ,solid

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10
Q

give the appearance and state of HYDROGEN @20 degrees

A

not visible, gas

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11
Q

what is an atom?

A

simplest particle of element that can exist on its own

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12
Q

what is a molecule?

A

2 or more atoms chemically bonded together

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13
Q

Give the appearance and state of SULFUR @20 degrees

A

bright, yellow, solid

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14
Q

give the appearance and state of BROMINE @20degrees

A

dull, brown, liquid

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15
Q

Give the appearance and state of CALCIUM at 20 degrees

A

dull,grey, solid

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16
Q

give the symbol for hydrogen

A

H

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17
Q

symbol for lithium

A

Li

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18
Q

Symbol for sodium

A

Na

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19
Q

Symbol for potassium

A

K

20
Q

Symbol for magnesium

A

Mg

21
Q

Symbol for calcium

A

Ca

22
Q

Symbol for barium

A

Ba

23
Q

Symbol for aluminium

A

Al

24
Q

Symbol for iron

A

Fe

25
Q

Symbol for silver

A

Ag

26
Q

Symbol for carbon

A

C

27
Q

Symbol for silicon

A

Si

28
Q

Symbol for lead

A

Pb

29
Q

Symbol for nitrogen

A

N

30
Q

Symbol for phosphorus

A

P

31
Q

Symbol for oxygen

A

O

32
Q

Symbol for sulfur

A

S

33
Q

Symbol for chlorine

A

Cl

34
Q

Symbol for bromine

A

Br

35
Q

Symbol for iodine

A

I

36
Q

What is the periodic table?

A

approx 100 elements
period is horizontal row
group is vertical column
1st letter of element is capital and 2nd letter is lowercase

37
Q

How do you separate an iron and sulphur mixture?

A

Iron is magnetic so if magnet is stirred through mixture, iron will stick to it. Sulphur will not as it is non-magnetic.

38
Q

What does malleable mean?

A

Can be hammered into shape

39
Q

What does ductile mean?

A

To be drawn into wires

40
Q

Give some properties of metals

A

good conductors of electricity and heat
usually high melting/boiling points
all solids at room temp except mercury
shiny solids
usually malleable and ductile.

41
Q

Give some properties of non metals

A

soft + brittle (except diamond)
Poor conductors of heat
Usually low melting/boiling points
Poor conductors of electricity (except graphite)
usually dull (diamond is exception)
gas/solid/liquid at room temp

42
Q

What is a compound?

A

Substance formed when two or more (different) elements are chemically combined. Pure substance. Cannot be separated easily.
They have completely different properties to elements used to make them.

43
Q

What are the particles in a compound called?

A

Molecules

44
Q

how do we name compounds?

A

-ends in -ide if contains 2 elements
-ends in -ate if it contains three or more elements. (One being oxygen)

e.g iron +sulfur —> iron sulfide
e.g sodium+nitrogen+oxygen—> sodium nitrate

45
Q

what is a mixture?

A

2 or more substances mixed together. Usually easy to separate.

46
Q

what can mixtures be composed of? Give three types

A

mixture of elements
mixture of element + compounds
Mixture of compounds.

47
Q

How do we write common compounds as symbols?

A

e.g water (H20)
state of compound = liquid
elements present in compound=2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
state of each element present in compound- H- gas, O-gas.

Chemistry Year 9 (5 decks)

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