Reactions- Topic 2 Flashcards
give the composition of air, their percentages and uses.
OXYGEN- 21%, used for welding torches, breathing apparatus, rocket fuel.
NITROGEN-78%, used for food preservation, electronics,
ARGON-0.9%, used for welding.
CARBON DIOXIDE-0.04%, use for fizzy drinks, fire extinguisher.
ALL OTHER (water and pollutants)- 0.06%
what is air a mixture of?
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, noble gases + water vapour.
What are the properties of nitrogen?
colourless, odourless, less dense (lighter) than air
what are the properties of argon?
Colourless, odourless, gas at room temp, denser(heavier) than air.
What are the properties of oxygen?
Colourless, odourless, gas at room temp, slightly soluble in water, same density as air.
What are the properties of carbon dioxide?
colourless,odourless, gas.
What are the uses of oxygen?
breathing apparatus (hospital, fire brigade etc), rocket fuel, welding.
Give the equation for the preparation of oxygen.
hydrogen peroxide —> water + oxygen
What chemicals are required for preparation of oxygen?
Hydrogen peroxide, manganese dioxide catalyst.
What is the test for oxygen?
Glowing splint will relight.
What is a catalyst?
Chemical that speed up a reaction without being used up itself,
E.g platinum, iron.
What is an enzyme?
Soluble protein molecules. Speed up chemical reactions in cells.
(BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS)
e.g DNA replication, digestion, protein synthesis.
name some reactions of oxygen. (Oxidation reactions)
respiration equation, rusting equation, burning a fuel equation.
what is the word equation for respiration?
sugar + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (energy)
what is the word equation for rusting?
iron+ oxygen+ water —> hydrated iron oxide
what is the word equation for burning a fuel?
Fuel + oxygen—> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
What is the chemical test for water?
Anhydrous copper sulfate goes from white to blue.
what is combustion?
when a fuel reacts with oxygen to release useful energy. (Process of burning something)
what are the uses of hydrogen?
making margarine, clean fuel, rocket fuel.
what is the word equation for preparing hydrogen?
magnesium + hydrochloride acid —> magnesium chloride + hydrogen
what chemicals are required for the preparation of hydrogen?
magnesium, hydrochloric acid.
(Can be prepared by acid with a metal)
What is the test for hydrogen?
lighted splint will make a squeaky pop you can hear.
What are the uses of carbon dioxide?
fizzy drinks, fire extinguisher, dry ice.
What is the word equation for preparing carbon dioxide?
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid —> calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide.
what chemicals are required for the preparation of carbon dioxide?
Hydrochloric acid, marble chips (calcium carbonate)
Can be prepared easily by reacting a metal carbonate with an acid.
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
Bubble gas into limewater. Positive result turns limewater from colourless to milky white/cloudy.
What happens if too much carbon dioxide is bubbled into limewater?
If lots added solution becomes clear again as soluble calcium hydrogen carbonate forms.
What happens when calcium carbonate is added to hydrochloric acid?
Fizzing of gas and solid disappears.
using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each is less dense than air
hydrogen= yes
oxygen= no
carbon dioxide=no
using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each has upward delivery.
hydrogen= yes
oxygen=no
carbon dioxide=no
using the gases hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide decide if each is denser than air.
hydrogen=no
oxygen=slightly
carbon dioxide=yes
Using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide, decide if each uses downward delivery.
hydrogen=no
oxygen=no
carbon dioxide=yes
using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each’s solubility in water (high or low)
hydrogen= very low
oxygen= low
Carbon dioxide= low
using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide each’s solubility overwater
hydrogen=yes
oxygen=yes
carbon dioxide=yes
given the gases oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide state the test and result for each.
OXYGEN test- glowing splint. result- relights.
HYDROGEN test- lighted splint. Result-squeaky pop.
CARBON DIOXIDE test- bubble into limewater. result- limewater turns milky.
