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chemistry year 9 > Reactions- Topic 2 > Flashcards

Reactions- Topic 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

give the composition of air, their percentages and uses.

A

OXYGEN- 21%, used for welding torches, breathing apparatus, rocket fuel.
NITROGEN-78%, used for food preservation, electronics,
ARGON-0.9%, used for welding.
CARBON DIOXIDE-0.04%, use for fizzy drinks, fire extinguisher.
ALL OTHER (water and pollutants)- 0.06%

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2
Q

what is air a mixture of?

A

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, noble gases + water vapour.

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3
Q

What are the properties of nitrogen?

A

colourless, odourless, less dense (lighter) than air

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4
Q

what are the properties of argon?

A

Colourless, odourless, gas at room temp, denser(heavier) than air.

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5
Q

What are the properties of oxygen?

A

Colourless, odourless, gas at room temp, slightly soluble in water, same density as air.

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6
Q

What are the properties of carbon dioxide?

A

colourless,odourless, gas.

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7
Q

What are the uses of oxygen?

A

breathing apparatus (hospital, fire brigade etc), rocket fuel, welding.

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8
Q

Give the equation for the preparation of oxygen.

A

hydrogen peroxide —> water + oxygen

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9
Q

What chemicals are required for preparation of oxygen?

A

Hydrogen peroxide, manganese dioxide catalyst.

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10
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

Glowing splint will relight.

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11
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

Chemical that speed up a reaction without being used up itself,
E.g platinum, iron.

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12
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Soluble protein molecules. Speed up chemical reactions in cells.
(BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS)
e.g DNA replication, digestion, protein synthesis.

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13
Q

name some reactions of oxygen. (Oxidation reactions)

A

respiration equation, rusting equation, burning a fuel equation.

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14
Q

what is the word equation for respiration?

A

sugar + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (energy)

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15
Q

what is the word equation for rusting?

A

iron+ oxygen+ water —> hydrated iron oxide

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16
Q

what is the word equation for burning a fuel?

A

Fuel + oxygen—> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

17
Q

What is the chemical test for water?

A

Anhydrous copper sulfate goes from white to blue.

18
Q

what is combustion?

A

when a fuel reacts with oxygen to release useful energy. (Process of burning something)

19
Q

what are the uses of hydrogen?

A

making margarine, clean fuel, rocket fuel.

20
Q

what is the word equation for preparing hydrogen?

A

magnesium + hydrochloride acid —> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

21
Q

what chemicals are required for the preparation of hydrogen?

A

magnesium, hydrochloric acid.
(Can be prepared by acid with a metal)

22
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

lighted splint will make a squeaky pop you can hear.

23
Q

What are the uses of carbon dioxide?

A

fizzy drinks, fire extinguisher, dry ice.

24
Q

What is the word equation for preparing carbon dioxide?

A

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid —> calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide.

25
Q

what chemicals are required for the preparation of carbon dioxide?

A

Hydrochloric acid, marble chips (calcium carbonate)
Can be prepared easily by reacting a metal carbonate with an acid.

26
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

Bubble gas into limewater. Positive result turns limewater from colourless to milky white/cloudy.

27
Q

What happens if too much carbon dioxide is bubbled into limewater?

A

If lots added solution becomes clear again as soluble calcium hydrogen carbonate forms.

28
Q

What happens when calcium carbonate is added to hydrochloric acid?

A

Fizzing of gas and solid disappears.

29
Q

using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each is less dense than air

A

hydrogen= yes
oxygen= no
carbon dioxide=no

30
Q

using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each has upward delivery.

A

hydrogen= yes
oxygen=no
carbon dioxide=no

31
Q

using the gases hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide decide if each is denser than air.

A

hydrogen=no
oxygen=slightly
carbon dioxide=yes

32
Q

Using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide, decide if each uses downward delivery.

A

hydrogen=no
oxygen=no
carbon dioxide=yes

33
Q

using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide if each’s solubility in water (high or low)

A

hydrogen= very low
oxygen= low
Carbon dioxide= low

34
Q

using the gases hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide decide each’s solubility overwater

A

hydrogen=yes
oxygen=yes
carbon dioxide=yes

35
Q

given the gases oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide state the test and result for each.

A

OXYGEN test- glowing splint. result- relights.
HYDROGEN test- lighted splint. Result-squeaky pop.
CARBON DIOXIDE test- bubble into limewater. result- limewater turns milky.

chemistry year 9 (5 decks)

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