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Chemistry Year 9 > Patterns Of Reactivity- Topic 3 > Flashcards

Patterns Of Reactivity- Topic 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the General equation for reacting metals with oxygen?

A

Metal+oxygen—>metal oxide

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2
Q

Describe coppers flame, equation and the colour of oxide at end.

A

Copper+oxygen—>copper oxide
No flame (may see blue), glowing
Oxide= Black on surface

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3
Q

Describe iron’s flame, equation and the colour of oxide at end.

A

Iron+oxygen—>iron oxide
Bright yellow sparks
Dark grey

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4
Q

Describe magnesium’s flame, equation and the colour of oxide at end.

A

Magnesium+oxygen—>magnesium oxide
Bright white light
White powder,ash

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5
Q

Give the General equation for metals reacting with water

A

Metal+water—>metal hydroxide+hydrogen

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6
Q

How are the metal and water reactions similar?

A

All react vigorously
Give off gas & heat
Move across surface

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7
Q

How are the metal and water reactions different?

A

Some react quicker than others
Some produce flames and some don’t
Potassium catches fire + burns with a lilac flame

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8
Q

List 3 safety precautions taken when using these metals with water.

A

Wear safety goggles
Use tongs
Stand back during reaction
If close to others use a screen
Metals are stored under oil

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9
Q

List the hazard symbols on each metal jar.

A

Corrosive
Flammable

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10
Q

Why are lithium, sodium + potassium all stored under oil in their jars?

A

To stop them from reacting with air

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11
Q

What observation is taken from calcium when reacted with water?

A

Produces bubbles + heat. Alkaline.

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12
Q

What observation is taken from magnesium when reacted with water?

A

Reacts slowly, pops.

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13
Q

What observation is taken from copper when reacted with water?

A

Does not react

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14
Q

What observation is taken when any metal reacts with water?

A

All produce hydrogen gas

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15
Q

What is produced when metals react with water?

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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16
Q

Give the word equations for calcium reacting with water.

A

Calcium+ water—>calcium hydroxide + hydrogen

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17
Q

Give the word equations for magnesium reacting with water.

A

Magnesium+water—>magnesium hydroxide+hydrogen

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18
Q

Give the word equations for copper reacting with water.

A

Copper+water—>no reaction

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19
Q

What is the General equation for metals reacted with acid.

A

Metal+acid—>salt+hydrogen

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20
Q

What is usually produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

A

Hydrogen gas + salt

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21
Q

Which metals would you not try putting into acid?

A

Potassium/sodium/lithium- explosive

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22
Q

What happens when aluminium reacts with acid (unusual case)

A

High up in reactivity series but takes a while to react with acid

With dilute acid (water+acid), it should react fast. A gas will be given off.

23
Q

Why does aluminium take a while to react with acid?

A

Aluminium oxide layer takes long to dissolve. This protects + stops it from reacting.

24
Q

Why does aluminium resist corrosion?

A

Forms a layer of aluminium oxide, (protects aluminium + stops it from reacting)

25
Q

Name the reactivity series from most reactive to least reactive.

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
Silver
Gold

26
Q

Name a mnemonic for the reactivity series.

A

Please
Send
Little
Charlie’s
Monkeys
And
Zebras
In
Cages
Securely
Guarded

27
Q

Name two things about lead.

A

Very unreactive in cold water
Surface of metallic lead is protected by layer of lead oxide.

28
Q

What is the word equations for magnesium and sulfuric acid.

A

Magnesium+sulfuric acid —>magnesium sulfate + hydrogen

29
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

Eg calcium + zinc sulfate—>calcium sulfate + zinc
Gold+iron sulfate—>no reaction

A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compound. This reaction is observed by colour changes or fizzing or heat being evolved. We call this a displacement reaction

30
Q

Name something silver was used for in the past and why is was considered a good idea.

A

Used to make coins, unreactive, desirable and malleable metal.

31
Q

What is copper used for and why?

A

Used to make electrical cables+ wires as it conducts electricity and is cheap to produce.

32
Q

Why do we know so little about the Iron Age?

A

Iron had corroded/rusted

33
Q

What happens when magnesium mixes with copper sulfate solution. Give the word equation as well.

A

Copper solid forms and blue solution fades
Magnesium+copper sulfate—>magnesium sulfate + copper

34
Q

What happens with an iron nail in water + air?

A

Rust

35
Q

What happens with an iron nail in dry air?

A

No rust

36
Q

What happens with an iron nail in water?

A

A little rust/no rust

37
Q

What happens with an iron nail in water an air+zn wrap

A

No rust

38
Q

What happens with an iron nail in salty water + air?

A

Lots of rust

39
Q

What do we need for rust?

A

Iron, oxygen and water for iron to rust.

40
Q

What is the word equation for rust?

A

Iron+ oxygen+ water—> hydrated iron oxide (rust)

41
Q

What is another name for rust?

A

Hydrated iron oxide

42
Q

What do we need for rusting to take place?

A

Oxygen and water

43
Q

What can we do to prevent iron from rusting!

A

Paint/oil
Plastic coating
Galvanising
Sacrificial protection

44
Q

Give examples of metals that will rust iron

A

Copper, silver

45
Q

Give examples of metals that will not rust iron

A

Zinc, magnesium

46
Q

What is plastic coating?

A

Prevents air+ moisture from reaching iron

47
Q

What is galvanising?

A

When iron object is coated in more reactive metal.

48
Q

What can be used to galvanise iron?

A

Zinc, chromium

49
Q

What is painting/oiling?

A

Cheapest method of preventing rust

50
Q

What is sacrificial protection?

A

Used to attach zinc blocks to ships. Zn acts in preference to iron. The water will react with zinc before it reacts with iron as it is more reactive. prevents iron from rusting.

51
Q

Give the best way to prevent a gate from rusting?

A

Paint it

52
Q

Give the best way to prevent the hull of a ship from rusting?

A

Sacrificial protection

53
Q

Give the best way to prevent machinery from rusting?

A

Oil

54
Q

Give the best way to prevent an iron nail from rusting?

A

Galvanise it

Chemistry Year 9 (5 decks)

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