Topic Test- Blood, Heart And Health Flashcards
What makes up the circulatory system?
Heart, Blood and Blood Vessels
Fill in the blanks:
It is a ______ circulatory system.
It has two circuits- the first (_____ ventricle) pumps ___________ blood to the lungs (to take in ______)
The other (______ ventricle) pumps ________ blood around the body.
Double, left, right, oxygenated, deoxygenated, oxygen
It is a DOUBLE circulatory system.
It has two circuits- the first (RIGHT ventricle) pumps DEOXYGENATED blood to the lungs (to take in OXYGEN). The other (LEFT ventricle) pumps OXYGENATED blood around the body.
Do veins pump blood away or to the heart?
To
Do arteries pump blood away or to the heart?
Away
Describe how the blood from the lungs get to the rest of the body?
(4 MARKS)
The oxygenated blood travels from the lungs to the heart through the pulmuary vein. It travels from the vein to the left atrium and ventricle and out through the aorta artery.
(THIS WOULD BE ALL 4 MARKS)
What’s the first stage of the cardiac cycle?
- The deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the vena cava into the right atrium.
- On the left side of the heart oxygenated blood enters through the pulmuary vein.
- Both atriums fill with blood at the same time.
What is the second stage of the cardiac cycle?
The atriums (atria) contracts pushing the blood down to the ventricles.
What is the third stage of the cardiac cycle?
Both ventricles will contract to push blood out of the arteries to the rest of the body.
What is a natural pacemaker?
Also known as the sinus node, it consists of a cluster of cells in the upper part part of the right atrium that controls the beat of the heart by producing electrical impulses.
What are the three types of blood vessel?
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
What’s the function of the veins?
To take blood from all over the body back to the heart so it can be pumped into the lungs and become oxygenated
What is the function of the arteries?
Takes blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
What is the function of capillaries?
To carry out gas exchange
Does an artery have thick or thin walls?
Why?
Thick walls
To increase the pressure to get blood around the body a lot quicker.
Does a vein have thick or thin walls?
Thin
Does a capillary have thick or thin walls?
Why?
Very thin, only one cell thick.
So gas exchange can be carried out better.
Do arteries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Oxygenated
Do capillaries carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Half and half.
Do veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?
Deoxygenated
What are the four components of blood?
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Platelets
Plasma
What is the function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen around the body.
What is the function of white blood cells?
They fight pathogens (any foreign body) that can cause harm
What is the function of platelets?
To clot blood to prevent too much bleeding (they are broken bits of cell that cause this)
What is the function of plasma?
To be the fluid for parts of the blood and oxygen to travel in.
Define coronary arteries:
An artery that supplies blood to the heart
Define coronary vein:
Any of several veins that drain blood from the heart wall and empties into the coronary sinus.
Define heart attack:
The death of a heart muscle due to blood loss.
Define angiogram:
An x-ray test that uses a special dye and a camera to take picture of the blood flow.
Why do we need coronary arteries and veins?
We need them to provide the surface of the heart with energy so it can contract and therefore pump blood.
How does coronary heart disease occur?
Where the coronary arteries become narrowed restricting the blood delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the heart.
