Topic P1 - Energy

Question 1

What are the 8 types of energy store?

Answer 1

Kinetic
Gravitational potential
Elastic potential
Electrostatic
Thermal
Magnetic
Chemical
Nucleur

Question 2

Name the 4 types of energy transfer

Answer 2

Mechanical
Electrical
Heating
Radiation

Question 3

What is a system

Answer 3

A single object or group of objects

Question 4

Equation got kinetic energy?

Answer 4

Kinetic energy = 1/2 mass x speed^2

Question 5

Equation for gravitational potential energy?

Answer 5

GPE= mass x gfs x height

Question 6

What is conservation of energy?

Answer 6

Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or displaced but not created or destroyed

Question 7

What is specific heat capacity

Answer 7

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

Question 8

What’s a closed system?

Answer 8

No energy (or matter) is transferred in or out of the system, so there’s no overall change in total energy

Question 9

Efficiency equation for energy transfer?

Answer 9

Useful output energy
transfer
Efficiency = ————————————
Total input energy transfer

Question 10

What is conduction?

Answer 10

The process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles

Hot -> cold

Question 11

What is convection?

Answer 11

Where energetic particles move from hotter to cooler regions

Question 12

What do lubrication and thermal insulation do?

Answer 12

Increase the efficiency of useful energy transfers

Question 13

Name 2 ways to decrease how quickly a building cools?

Answer 13

Increasing the thickness of the walls

Make walls out of material with lower thermal conductivity

Question 14

Name 3 fossil fuels

Answer 14

Coal
Oil
(Natural) gas

Question 15

Describe how nucleur power works

Answer 15

Nucleur fuel undergoes fission in nucleur reactors generating electricity

Question 16

Name 2 risks with nuclear power

Answer 16

Nuclear waste is difficult and dangerous to dispose of

Carries the risk of a major catastrophe

Question 17

Describe how geothermal power works?

Answer 17

Energy from thermal energy stores of underground hot rocks are used to generate electricity

Question 18

How does hydro-electric power work?

Answer 18

Big dams built in valley fill up with water

Water allowed out through turbines, generating electricity

Question 19

What is good about hydro-electric power?

Answer 19

Produce no pollution when in uses

Reliable (except in times of drought)

Question 20

Negative about hydro-electric power

Answer 20

Rotting plants (from flooding the valley) release methan and co2 contributing to global warming

Question 21

How does wave power work?

Answer 21

Waves move up and down

Air forces through turbines

Electricity generated

Question 22

Negatives about wave power

Answer 22

Disturb habitats of sea animals

Spoil the view

Un reliable- waves depend of wind

Question 23

How do tidal barrages work?

Answer 23

Tide comes in

Water builds behind dam

WTer allowed out through turbines

Electricity generated

Question 24

What are biofuels

Answer 24

Made from plant products or animal drug

Bio-fuels are burned to generate electricity

Question 25

Negative about bio-fuels

Answer 25

In some regions, large areas of forest are destroyed to grow bio-fuels so species lose their habitat

Question 26

Describe the energy use from 1900-2000

Answer 26

It increased as the population grew and people began to use electrify more

Question 27

Trends in energy use from 2000 onwards

Answer 27

Decreasing as appliances are more efficient and people are careful with amount of energy use