Topic P1 - Energy Flashcards
What are the 8 types of energy store?
Kinetic
Gravitational potential
Elastic potential
Electrostatic
Thermal
Magnetic
Chemical
Nucleur
Name the 4 types of energy transfer
Mechanical
Electrical
Heating
Radiation
What is a system
A single object or group of objects
Equation got kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy = 1/2 mass x speed^2
Equation for gravitational potential energy?
GPE= mass x gfs x height
What is conservation of energy?
Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or displaced but not created or destroyed
What is specific heat capacity
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
What’s a closed system?
No energy (or matter) is transferred in or out of the system, so there’s no overall change in total energy
Efficiency equation for energy transfer?
Useful output energy
transfer
Efficiency = ————————————
Total input energy transfer
What is conduction?
The process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles
Hot -> cold
What is convection?
Where energetic particles move from hotter to cooler regions
What do lubrication and thermal insulation do?
Increase the efficiency of useful energy transfers
Name 2 ways to decrease how quickly a building cools?
Increasing the thickness of the walls
Make walls out of material with lower thermal conductivity
Name 3 fossil fuels
Coal
Oil
(Natural) gas
Describe how nucleur power works
Nucleur fuel undergoes fission in nucleur reactors generating electricity