Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Topic 9 > Flashcards

Topic 9 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Disadvantages of using manure

A
  • Takes a long time to work
  • Don’t know the levels of nitrate
  • Can lead to eutrophication if used in excess
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Advantages of using manure

A
  • Cheap
  • Easily accessible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Disadvantages of using a fertiliser

A
  • Eutrophication if used in excess
  • Expensive to buy and use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the advantages of using a fertilisers

A
  • You know the concentration of nitrates added
  • Farmer is in control
  • Easy to spread
  • Quicker to work
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are nitrates converted into in plants and animals

A

amino acids to form proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What effect does lack of nitrogen have on plants

A

Slower plant growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What crops would be used in crop rotations

A

Peas, beans, clovers

as they contain nitrogen fixing bacteria in their root nodules putting nitrate back into the soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 ways that farmers can increase the levels of nitrates in their soil

A
  1. Crop rotation
  2. Fertilisers
  3. Manure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does denitrifying bacteria do

A

Converts nitrates back into nitrogen gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does nitrifying bacteria do

A

Converts ammonia into nitrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does decomposing bacteria do

A

Converts nitrogen contained in urea or dead organisms into ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does nitrogen fixing bacteria do

A

Converts nitrogen into nitrate ion which can be used in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do we need nitrogen

A

To make protein as amino acids are made of nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the nitrogen cycle

A

The way that nitrogen is cycled around the biotic and abiotic part of the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do non-indigenous species reduce biodiversity

A

They have to compete with indigenous species for food and shelter

sometimes they out compete them

also bring new diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do fish farms affect biodiversity

A

Fish farms reduce biodiversity

Fish farms act as breeding grounds for parasites
these parasites get out of the farms and infect wild animals killing them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can fertilisers negatively impact on biodiversity

A

Fertilisers can leach into water and cause eutrophication
-Nitrates are put onto the fields as fertiliser
-If excess fertiliser is applied and it rains aftet the nitrates easily find themselves into rivers and lakes
-The result is eutrophication, an excess of nutrients in the water

  1. The fertilisers enter the water , adding excess nitrates
  2. the excess nitrate causes algae to grow fast and block out the light
  3. plants cant photosynthesise due to lack of light and start to die and decompose
  4. with more food available, microorganisms that feed on decomposing plants increase in number and use up the oxygen in the water
    5.organisms which need oxygen for aerobic respiration e.g. fish die
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can energy be lost in a food chain

A

Energy can be transferred for life processes

Energy can be transferred to the surroundings by heat

Undigested material gets lost from the food chain in faeces

19
Q

What biotic factors affect communities (all the organisms of different species living in a habitat)

A

Competition
Predation

20
Q

What abiotic factors affect communities (all the organisms of different species living in a habitat)

A

Temperature
Amount of water
Light intensity
Levels of pollutants

21
Q

what does biotic mean

A

Living

22
Q

What does abiotic mean

A

Non-living

23
Q

What is the relationship like between a parasite and a host species

A

The parasite takes what it needs to survive, but the host doesn’t benefit

24
Q

What is a mutualistic relationship

A

A relationship between two organisms, from which both organisms benefit

25
Q

What is the water cycle

A

How water moves through the abiotic parts of an ecosystem

26
Q

What is evaporation

A

Water –> water vapour

27
Q

What is condensation

A

Water vapour –> Water/ liquid

28
Q

What is precipitation

A

rain, sleet, hail, snow

29
Q

What does potable mean

A

Water safe for drinking

30
Q

What is desalination

A

When salty water (sea water) is distilled to remove salt

31
Q

Describe the water cycle

A
  • Water droplets get too large and heavy in the clouds so fall as rain into a river
  • Rivers flow into lakes and eventually the ocean
  • Water evaporates from the ocean, lake and rivers to form water vapour
  • As air rises it cools, so water vapour condenses to form clouds
    THE CYCLE CONTINUES
32
Q

What effects would deforestation have on the water cycle?

A

Deforestation means that there would be less plants to take up water from the ground, this means more water in the soil would cause more soil erosion

33
Q

Why is it important to make water potable

A

To eliminate chances of pathogens harming humans and causing diseases

34
Q

Disadvantage of producing water through desalination

A

Highly expensive

34
Q

Advantage of producing water through desalination

A

Sea is always present, huge supply

35
Q

What factors control the rate of decomposition

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Water content
  3. Oxygen availability
36
Q

What methods of food preservation reduce the rate of decay

A
  • Storing food in a fridge or freezer as it lowers the temperature
  • Storing food in air tight containers as it stops microorganisms getting in
  • Drying food, removes the water that is needed
37
Q

Why does it help to ‘turn’ the material in a compost heap

A

Turning allows oxygen into the heap, more oxygen means more aerobic respiration which speeds up decomposition

38
Q

How do you calculate the rate of decomposition

A

Mass lost / number of days

39
Q

What is the carbon cycle

A

The process by which carbon is cycled around the biotic and abiotic part of the environment

40
Q

What processes changes Carbon dioxide in oxygen

A

Photosynthesis

41
Q

What do green plants make from carbon dioxide

A

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins

42
Q

What respires to release CO2 back into the air

A

Plants and animals

43
Q

What do decomposers release when plants and animals eventually die

A

decomposers release CO2 back into the air by respiration

Biology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions