Topic 8 Test Flashcards
Understand Grant’s policy of “total war” and how General Sherman fit into it.
General Sherman played a key role in executing this strategy through his infamous “March to the Sea,” where he destroyed military targets and infrastructure in Georgia, aiming to cripple the Confederacy’s ability to wage war.
Know the order of events surrounding the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg. Which came first? The siege of Vicksburg, The victory at Gettysburg, Union gaining control over the Mississippi, Gettysburg address.
Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Gained control of the Mississippi, Gettysburg address.
What did the Emancipation proclamation do?
It freed all the slaves in Confederate States and let them join the Union Army.
Why did the Confederacy start to draft soldiers?
To fill it’s army just like the North
What advantages did the confederacy have at the beginning of the war.
They had Ironclads to help with trade coming in
Why was the city of Vicksburg a crucial of strategic geographical importance?
Because near Vicksburg was the Mississippi River
Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act anger many northerners? How did it relate to the Missouri compromise?
Northerners were upset because it was said the act was a “criminal betrayal of precious rights.” Slavery could now spread to areas that had been free for more than 30 years. it would repeal the Missouri Compromise which said that slavery was banned in Kansas and Nebraska.
What role did many women play during the civil war? Women such as Clara Barton?
Many women volunteered to be nurses for the soldiers. They also took over jobs like industry and on farms because the men were away from war. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
Know about Lincoln’s election in 1860 and how it was responded to in the South.
Democrats had two people running so their party split into two instead of the Republicans only had one person running, Lincoln. People in the South lost hope that the national government would ever again serve their interests.
Understand Lincon’s justification for the suspension of Habeas Corpus.
The riots and other “disloyal practices” were getting out of place and Lincoln said “the public safety required it”
Know which states stayed in the Union and which seceded.
Alabama, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas seceded. Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin staying in the Union
Know what the Wilmot Proviso said, and why Lincoln would have supported it.
Wilmot Proviso said that aimed to prohibit slavery in any territories acquired from Mexico as a result of the Mexican-American War. Abraham Lincoln, while not an outright abolitionist, would have supported the Proviso’s principle of free soil, which meant preventing the expansion of slavery into new territories, as he stated in a letter to his friend Joshua Speed.
What is popular sovereignty
The right of people to create their government. Voters in a territory would decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery.
What were the problems that arose from troops that felt more loyal to their own states than to the Confederacy in the South?
decreased troop morale, increased desertion rates, and difficulty maintaining a unified war effort.
What did the Fugitive Slave law force northerners to have to do regarding slavery?
The new law required all citizens to help catch African Americans trying to escape slavery. It also forced northerners to be part of the slave system.
Why did the Fugitive slave law set up new courts?
Because northerners states passed personal liberty laws and the laws brought suspects before judges, provided jury trials, and prohibited kidnapping.
How did the Dred Scott case effect live in the U.S.?
The Court ruled that Scott could not file a lawsuit because he was a slave, not a citizen, enslaved people were considered property, and Congress did not have the power to outlaw slavery in any territory. This meant that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. Southern people rejoiced and Northerners were outraged.
How did the election of 1860 show the deep sectional differences in the U.S.?
The Democrats put many people in the running and didn’t trust Lincoln when he was elected to save the country and thought that their rights were done for.
What happened at Bull Run that made Stonewall Jackson turn into “Stonewall Jackson?” What was the effect of this battle on the minds of the northerners?
The Union succeeded in breaking up Confederate battle lines. Then a soldier yelled, “Look! There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!” It showed the Northerners that the Confederate army could stand up to the Union meaning the war would be long and bloody.
Understand why Mclellan never attacked Richmond during the Peninsula campaign.
McClellan was cautious and abandoned the attack and retreated because of Gereral Lee’s series of counterattacks.
Why did Lincoln wait till antietam to issue the emancipation proclamation? How did emancipation affect the South’s ability to wage war?
He waited for an Union victory so the Emancipation Proclamation didn’t seem like a last resort for the Union. The South was now fighting to keep slavery
What person in the 54 regiment of African American soldiers received the congressional medal of honor for the battle of Fort Wagner?
Sergeant William Carney
Why did immigrants participate in draft riots?
They saw little reason for wanting slavery abolished. Freed African Americans, they thought, would complete with them for jobs and drive down wages. Essentially, they feared the draft would force them to fight against their self-interest.
How did the emancipation proclamation change the war?
Now people in the Union were fighting not only to save the Union, but abolish slavery
