Topic 1 Test Flashcards
Why did the British want to expand their control into the Ohio Valley in the mid-1700s?
The British colonies were content to remain along the Atlantic coast. By the 1740s, however, traders were crossing the Appalachian Mountains in search for furs. Traders pushed into the forests of the Ohio Valley. Because of the abundance of wildlife, settlers tried to take over the profitable French trade with the Indians.
Which statement describes a reason for the French forts across North America before the French and Indian War?
They wanted to help protect their land claims which were the St. Lawrence River west to the Great Lakes and south to the Gulf of Mexico. These forts prevented the British colonies from expanding west.
What were the results of the land agreements at the Treaty of Paris at the end of the French and Indian War?
Britain gained Canada and all French loans east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans. France was allowed to keep only two islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and its prosperous sugar-growing islands in the West Indies. Spain gave up Florida to Britain. Spain received all French land west of the Mississippi and the vital port city of New Orleans.
What’s one example of Prime Minister George Greenville’s use of the Mercantile System?
He wanted colonists to help share the burden of debt that Britain had incurred from the Seven Years’ War.
What were the two purposes of Ben Franklin’s Albany Plan of Union
1) The plan was an attempt to create “one general government” for the British colonies.
2) It called for a Grand Council made up of representatives from each colony. The council would make laws, raise taxes, and set up the defense of the colonies.
Which important roles did American women take during the revolution?
Women took charge of their husbands’ farms and businesses, they made weapons and bullets for the war, and they cared for wounded soldiers. For example, Mary Ludwig Hays helped her husband’s cannon after he was shot in battle and Martha Washington came to Valley Forge and helped care for the soldiers and spend the winter with George.
Which event caused Chief Pontiac to rally the American Indians against British colonists ?
The British military commander Lord Jeffrey Amherst raised the price of goods traded to Indians, he allowed settlers to build farms and forts on Indian lands unlike the French, and he refused to treat the American Indians as friends, unlike the French.
How did the Stamp Act contribute to the Boston Massacre?
Escalating tensions and anger towards British policy, ultimately leading to the confrontation between colonists and British troops where the troops fired at the colonists.
What event led to the first shots being fired at the battles of Lexington and Concord?
Redcoats were going through the harbor because they heard rumors that there were weapons held in Lexington and Concord. But Paul Revere shouted “The British are coming!” so the minutemen got their guns and when the British came, shooting started happening. They didn’t find weapons but they did find people ready to shoot at them.
What role did Bernardo de Gálvez and Friedrich von Steuben play in the Revolutionary War?
Bernardo de Galvez was the governor of New Spain and Lousianna and he helped by attacking British forts. Friedrich von Steuben was a professional general who helped train the soldiers to get ready for battle during the winter of 1774 at Valley Forge.
How can you point out what a grievance is when reading the Declaration of Independence?
It is the second part of the Declarance of Independence. Also, the first part is about natural rights and the second part (the grievances) are about limits on rade, taxes imposed without the consent of the people, sending troops in peacetime, and not listening to correct injustices.
What dynamic was the result of the Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Writs of Assistance, and Townshend Acts?
After all of these events came to pass, there was peace but the Americans started thinking more carefully about their political rights. After the debate over taxes, Americans grew to resent the British presence. Americans felt more economically, politically, and socially tied to each other than to Britain.
What motivated most African American soldiers to fight in the Revolutionary War with the Patriots?
But African-Americans also had a hope of gaining freedom after the Revolutionary War. African-Americans also could get away if they were enslaved and join the fight.
What are two factors that helped the patriots win the war?
The French gave supplies and military and the Spanish forces attacked the British along the Gulf of Mexico and in the Mississippi Valley. The Americans also knew the geography of where they were so they had an advantage.
What actions by the British and southern Loyalists caused many southern colonists to side with the Patriots?
The British were being very brutal to the southern colonists. For example, the British would lock the wives and children in a church and then lit the church on fire because there were no soldiers/husbands to protect them.
What major events contributed to the Patriots winning the war?
The Battle of New York in 1777, Saratoga, Bunker Hill, The Battle of Yorktown,
Explain why France and Spain would send the Patriots supplies and later choose to side with them during the Revolutionary War.
Because after the Battle of Saratoga, the French and Spain though America had a shot at winning the war so they decided to send troops and aid. They also sided with them because the French lost the French and Indian war so the French wanted revenge.
Describe the views of the British government and the American colonists on the Proclamation of 1763.
The British government saw it as a way to protect their people especially after the raids of Pontiac. But the Americans saw it as unjust because that was their land and they didn’t want to house and feed British soldiers.
Summarize the events that led to the Boston Tea Party.
The Tea Act was the main reason. The people who were running the tea companies were running out of money. The tea act actually lowered the price on tea but it hurt the American businessmen.
How did treatment of the Algonquians and the Hurons by the French lead these American Indian groups to side with the French during the French and Indian War?
The French didn’t destroy Indian hunting grounds by clearing forests for farms. Also, many French trappers married American Indian women and adopted their ways.
Explain how peaceful colonial protests against the Stamp Act led to revolution. Consider the Stamp Act Congress, boycotts, calls for free enterprise, and Parliament’s actions.
The Americans tried to send a petition to the King saying that they rejected the Act and they had no right to tax the colonies. They also boycotted and introduced many ways to the British that would be much better than no say, like free enterprise (the market, rather than the government, determines what goods and services cost). Parliament eventually got rid of the Stamp Act, but still taxed the Americans unfairly.
“The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations [taking things without right], all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States.” Why did colonial leaders include this sentence in the Declaration of Independence?
It says that King George had multiple mistakes with the colonies and were taxing the people without their say in Parliament. They are saying this is cruel to the United States of America.
How did the Stamp Act contribute to the Boston Massacre??
Escalating tensions and anger towards British policy, ultimately leading to the confrontation between colonists and British troops where the troops fired at the colonists.
What effect did the capture of Fort Ticonderoga have on the fighting in Boston between the American colonists and the British?
he British knew they couldn’t keep Boston because the Americans had the cannons placed in Dorchester Heights which overlooked the harbor.
