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Medical Biology > Topic 8 Intelligence > Flashcards

Topic 8 Intelligence Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Mental potential to learn from
experience, solve problems, and
use knowledge to adapt to new
situations. Ability to derive information,
learn from experience, adapt to
the environment, understand,
and correctly utilize thought and
reason.

A

Intelligence

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2
Q

Believed we have one general
intelligence (often shortened to g)

A

Charles Spearman

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3
Q

factor that underlies
specific mental abilities and is therefore
measured by every task on an intelligence
test

A

General Intelligence (g)

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4
Q

Explains the differences in performance on
different tasks. Specific to a certain aspect of
intelligence

A

Specific ability (s)

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5
Q

A statistical procedure that
identifies clusters of related items

A

Factor Analysis

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6
Q

Hierarchal models of intelligence

A

Raymond Cattell

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7
Q

the power of reasoning and using
information. It encompasses the ability to
see complex relationships and solve
problems.

A

Fluid Intelligence

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8
Q

is characterized as acquired knowledge
and the ability to retrieve it

A

Crystallized Intelligence

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9
Q

Identified eight
relatively independent
intelligence

A

Howard Gardner:
Naturalist
Bodily kinesthetic
Musical
Logical-mathematical
Interpersonal
Intra-personal
Linguistic
Spatial

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10
Q

The know-how involved
in social situations and
managing yourself
successfully

A

social Intelligence

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10
Q

The ability “to ponder
large questions about
life, death, existence.

A

Existential Intelligence

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11
Q

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

A

Robert Sternberg:
Analytical Intelligence - School grades
Creative Intelligence - Generate novel ideas
Practical Intelligence - possible solutions for practical tasks

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12
Q

The ability to perceive,
understand, manage,
and use emotions.

A

Emotional Intelligence

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13
Q

A test designed to predict a person’s
future performance

A

Aptitude Test

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14
Q

A test designed to assess what a
person has learned

A

Achievement Tests

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15
Q

Predict someone’s performance in
school and similar strengths.

A

Intelligence quotient (IQ) Tests

16
Q

To identify French school children needing
special attention

A

Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon

17
Q

Test’s items are designated by age.

A

Stanford-Binet IQ Test

18
Q

the range of items used is
adapted to the performance
of the individual

A

Adaptive Testing

19
Q

Established new age norms to intelligence tests, extending the upper end of the test’s range from teenagers to “superior adults.” Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to
chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100.

A

Lewis Terman

20
Q

IQ=mental age/chronological age x 100. Derived the famous intelligence quotient, or IQ. On contemporary intelligence tests, the average
performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100

A

William Stern

21
Q

Created what is now the most widely used
individual intelligence test

A

David Weschler

22
Q

TYpes of David Weschler test

A

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
Wechsler Preschool
and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WIPPSI).

23
Q

The latest (2008) edition of the WAIS consists of
15 subtests, including these:

A

§ Similarities
§ Vocabulary
§ Block Design
§ Letter-Number Sequencing

24
Q

Assessed more than 10, 000
individuals of their “intellectual
strengths” based on reaction
time, sensory acuity muscular
power, and body proportions. Measures did not correlate with
one another

A

Francis Galton

25
Q

Tests minimizing items that
clearly favor one culture over
another but keeps some
degree of cultural specificity.

A

Culture-Reduced Testing

26
Q

Principle of test construction: Defining uniform testing procedures and
meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

A

Standardization

26
Q

Most widely used devised by
John C. Raven. Attempts to
measure abstract reasoning
without any use of language or
reference to factual
information.

A

Progressive Matrices test

27
Q

Principle of test construction: The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of
scores on two halves of the test, on
alternative forms of the test, or on
retesting

A

Reliability

28
Q

Principle of test construction: Indicates how well the test measures what it claims to measure. evaluated by examining its content, the response process, internal structure, and the scores’ relationship
to other variables, and the consequences of using the test

A

Validity

Medical Biology (4 decks)

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