Topic 8 : Exchange and transport Flashcards
Is respiration endothermic or exothermic
exothermic
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration
aerobic- with oxygen
anaerobic- without oxygen
How are the alveoli adapted for their function?
- moist lining for easier dissolving of gases
- large surface area
- good blood supply to maintain concentration gradient
Name factors affecting the rate of diffusion
- distance
- concentration gradient
- surface area
Rate of diffusion is directly proportional to :
surface area * conc. gradient
/ thickness of membrane
How are arteries suitable for their function
small lumen to maintain pressure
thick wall
no valves
How are veins suitable for their function
large lumen
thin walls
Has valves
How are capillaries suitable for their function
- low pressure
- thin wall that is only 1 cell thick for easier diffusion
- no valves
How are red blood cells suitable for their function
-biconcave discs for large SA
- small to move through capillaries
- no nucleus
How are white blood cells suitable for their function
- produce antibodies
- have a nucleus
How are platelets suitable for their function
- clots wounds
- no nucleus
How are plasma suitable for their function
- carries RBC, WBC, platelets, antibodies, hormones
- transports CO2 from body to lungs
why is the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle
Requires more muscle as blood needs to be pumped around the whole body at a high pressure
What allow valves to close
chordae tendonae
Equation for cardiac output
Cardiac output = Stroke volume * Heart rate
