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Chemistry 1 > Topic 7-Testing For Ions > Flashcards

Topic 7-Testing For Ions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a salt

A

A salt is a substance that consists of two ions, a positive ion- cation and a negative ion- anion

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2
Q

Method of the flame tests for the presence of cation

A

~ assemble the apparatus and light the Bunsen Burner. Adjust the regulating collar to open the hole on the Bunsen burner and ensure a hot Bunsen flame
~ clean the flame test rod by dipping into concentrated hydrochloric acid
~ hold the flame test rod in the hot Bunsen flame. Repeat until the wire does not produce any colour in the flame.
~ dip the clean flame test rod into the concentrated hydrochloride acid again and dip into a small amount of the unknown solution.
~ place the rod in the Bunsen flame
~ observe the colour of the flame and identify the cation present
~repeat to identify the unknown solution

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3
Q

Flame test for Na+ colour

A

Yellow

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4
Q

Flame test for K+ colour

A

Lilac

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5
Q

Flame test for Ba+ colour

A

Apple green

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6
Q

Flame test for Ca+ colour

A

Brick red

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7
Q

Flame test for Cu+ colour

A

Blue/ green

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8
Q

What is a precipitate

A

A precipitate is an insoluble substance which is sometimes formed when two aqueous solutions are mixed

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9
Q

Identifying cations by using …..

A

NaOH-

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10
Q

Method of testing for cations using NaOH-

A

1) . Dissolve one spatula of the salt in a little H20
2) . Place 10cm3 of the solution in a test tube
3) . Add NaOH- solution drop by drop
4) . Observe the colour of the precipitate if one it produced
5) . For any white precipitate that is produced, continue to add NaOH- solution, drop by drop
6) . Observe what happens to the precipitate

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11
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when MgCl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?And work out the ionic equation

A

White
No
Mg2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) —> Mg(OH)2(s)

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12
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when AlCl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?
And work out the ionic equation

A

White
Yes
Al3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) —> Al(OH)3(s)

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13
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when Zn(ll)Cl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?
And work out the ionic equation

A

White
Yes
Zn2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) —> Zn(OH)2(s)

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14
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when Cu(ll)Cl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?
And work out the ionic equation

A

Blue
No
Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) —> Cu(OH)2(s)

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15
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when Fe(ll)Cl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?
And work out the ionic equation

A

Green
No
Fe2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) —> Fe(OH)2(s)

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16
Q

What is the colour of the precipitate when Fe(lll)Cl is tested for identifying cations using NaOH- and does it dissolve in excess?
And work out the ionic equation

A

Red- brown
No
Fe3+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) —> Fe(OH)3(s)

17
Q

While testing for halide ions (group VII) we have to use …

A

Nitric acid —> HNO3

AgNO3

18
Q

What is the method for testing for halide ions

A

1) . Dissolve a spatula of the solid in 20cm3 water
2) . Place 5cm3 of the solution in a test tube
3) . Add four drop of HNO3
4) . Add AgNO3 drop by drop
5) . Observe the colour of the precipitate of one is produced

19
Q

While testing for halide ions and using AgNO3 in the test for NaCl what is the…

~ Halide ion present
~ Colour of the precipitate
~ ionic equation

A

Cl-
White
Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) —> AgCl(s)

20
Q

While testing for halide ions and using AgNO3 in the test for KBr what is the…

~ Halide ion present
~ Colour of the precipitate
~ ionic equation

A

Br-
Cream
Ag+(aq) + Br-(aq) —> AgBr(s)

21
Q

While testing for halide ions and using AgNO3 in the test for NaI what is the…

~ Halide ion present
~ Colour of the precipitate
~ ionic equation

A

I-
Yellow
Ag+(aq) + I-(aq) —> AgI(s)

22
Q

If sulphate ions are present a _______ _________ of BaSo4(s) will form when the sample is reacted with ……..

A

White precipitate

BaCl solution

23
Q

While testing for sultan ions we have to use…

A

BaCl

24
Q

What is the method used if you are testing for sulfate ions

A

~ dissolve a spatula of the salt in 20cm3 of deionised H20
~ place about 10cm3 of the solution into a test tube
~ add BaCl solution drop by drop
~ observe the colour of the precipitate if one is produced

25
Q

When testing for sulfate ions using BaCl we test on AlSO4. Is there a sulfate ion present, what is the colour of the precipitate and what is the ionic equation

A

Yes
White
Ba2+(aq) + SO4,2-(aq)—> BaSO4(s)

26
Q

When testing for sulfate ions using BaCl we test on MgCl. Is there a sulfate ion present, what is the colour of the precipitate and what is the ionic equation

A

No
None
No precipitate

27
Q

When testing for sulfate ions using BaCl we test on NaSO4. Is there a sulfate ion present, what is the colour of the precipitate and what is the ionic equation

A

Yes
White
Ba2+(aq) + SO4,2-(aq)—> BaSO4(s)

28
Q

Testing for carbonate CO3,2- ions we use

A

Limewater

Hydrochloride acid

29
Q

Acid + metal—>

A

Salt + H2O + CO2

30
Q

The method we use to test for carbonate

A

~ place the solid into a side arm test tube which has a downward delivery tube attached
~ fill a test tube with limewater and place the downward delivery tube in the test tube
~ add 5cm3 of HCl to the side arm test tube and quickly put the bung on
~ if the limewater becomes cloudy/ milky the gas evolved is CO2 and the salt is carbonate

31
Q

Testing for carbonate by using magnesium carbonate, what reactions will take place?

A
  • bubbles of gas
  • solid disappears
  • limewater turns cloudy
32
Q

Testing for carbonate by using magnesium carbonate, what reactions will take place?

A
  • bubbles of gas
  • solid disappears
  • limewater turns cloudy

Chemistry 1 (8 decks)

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