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Chemistry 1 > Topic 1- Elements, Compounds And Mixtures > Flashcards

Topic 1- Elements, Compounds And Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an element

A

Consists of only one type of atom

Cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means

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2
Q

What is a compound

A

Consists of two or more different elements

chemically joined together

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3
Q

What is an atom

A

Simplest part of an element

Which can exist on its own in a stable environment

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4
Q

What is a molecule

A

A particle
That consists of two or more atoms
Chemically bonded together

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5
Q

What elements are diatomic

A

Oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine, iodine, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine

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6
Q

What are six metal properties

A

1) . Thermal conductivity
2) . Electrical conductivity
3) . Sonority
4) . Malleable
5) . Ductile
6) . High melting point

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7
Q

What is sonority

A

Able to rig when hit/ struck

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8
Q

What is malleable

A

Able to be hammered into shape without breaking

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9
Q

What is ductile

A

To be drawn into thin wires

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10
Q

What is a solute

A

A solid that dissolves in a liquid

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11
Q

Solvent

A

A liquid that dissolves solute

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12
Q

Soluble

A

Solids that can dissolve in water

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13
Q

Insoluble

A

Solids that cannot dissolve in water

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14
Q

Solution

A

When a solute dissolves in a solvent

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15
Q

What does miscible and non miscible mean

A

When two liquids can mix

When two liquids cannot mix

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16
Q

Give an example of a miscible liquid

A

Ethanol and water

17
Q

Give an example of a non miscible liquid

A

Water and oil

18
Q

Name the separation technique that separates sand and water
What is the sand called
What is the water called

A

Filtration
Redoute
Filtrate

19
Q

What is recrystallisation

A

When a solute is separated from a solution, by driving away all the solvent molecules

20
Q

What does a separating funnel do?

A

Separates immiscible liquids e.g., water and oil

21
Q

What is simple distillation

Give an example

A

Separates a solute from a solution

Water from salt

22
Q

In simple distillation what is the liquid collected at the end called

A

Distillate

23
Q

What is fractional distillation

Give examples

A

Separates two miscible liquids

Water and ethanol, crude and oil

24
Q

What piece of equipment makes simple and fractional distillation different

A

Fractionating column

25
Q

What is magnetism?

Give an example

A

Separates a magnetic substance from a non magnetic substance
Iron and sulfur

26
Q

In chromatography why is pencil used to draw the line?

A

So the pencil lead does not dissolve the solvent

27
Q

What is the top line on the chromatography paper called

A

Solvent front

28
Q

What is the result of chromatography called

A

Chromatogram

29
Q

How can elements, compounds and mixtures be separated detected and analysed

A

By using…
High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Mass Spectrometry

30
Q

What is HPLC
How does it work
What are the advantages
What are the disadvantages

A

A type of chromatography which separates components in mixtures
The components are dissolved in a solvent and injected into a chromatography column
The components then pass along a chromatography column, each component takes their own time to pass along the column- retention time
Faster and provide a better separation technique than other chromatography methods
Expensive and time

31
Q

What is the y and x axis labelled on a HPLC graph

A

Y, detector signal

X, retention time

32
Q

How many peaks does a pure substance produce on a HPLC trace

A

One

33
Q

What is mass spectrometry
What are the advantages
What are the disadvantages

A

It measures the mass of particles of a substance
Sample used can be very small
Impure substance can be hard to analyse, equipment is expensive

34
Q

What is the trace called in mass spectrumetry?

A

Mass spectrum

Chemistry 1 (8 decks)

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