Topic 7 - HIV - AIDS

Question 1

Since HAART, cases of dementia have made way for milder forms of …

Answer 1

executive function, attention and learning as the domains most affected

Question 2

CDC staging of HIV

Answer 2

CDC-A: patients being asymptomatic
CDC-B: patients experiencing symptomatic symptoms
CDC-C: patients experiencing AIDS

Question 3

WHO staging of HIV

Answer 3

stage 0 & 1: asymptomatic

stage 2,3,4: symptomatic

Question 4

ADC staging of HIV

Answer 4

stage 0: no abnormal manifestations of mental or motor function
stage 0.5: subclinical stage: minimal symptoms that does not result in impairment of daily living
stage 1: mild stage
stage 2: moderate stage
stage 3: major cognitive & motor symptoms
stage 4: nearly vegetative, only rudimentary comprehension of self

Question 5

Three HIV-associated cognitive disorders

Answer 5

• asymptomatic
• mild cognitive and motor disorder: a mild form of dementia that affects day - to - day activities like medication adherence and driving
• HIV-associated dementia (HAD): a multi system disorder characterized by cognitive, motor and behavioral deficits that impact daily living

Question 6

Forms of HIV associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND)

Answer 6

• asymptomatic neurologic impairment (ANI)
• minor neurocognitive disorder (MND)
• frank dementia

Question 7

Cognitive domains affected in HIV patients

Answer 7

• attention: with increasing disease severity, impairments in simple attention worsen. Divided and selective attention impaired even in asymptomatic patients
• memory: short term memory and the ability to recall information is impaired
• language: only problems with verbal fluency in advanced stages of the disease
• EF: abstraction, set shifting and response inhibition
• Psychomotor slowing in more advanced stages of the disease
• Minor deficits in visuospatial abilities