Topic 7- Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis

Question 1

Which cells in the nervous system detect changes?

Answer 1

receptor cells

Question 2

Sense organs contain receptors cells. Give one example of a sense organ.

Answer 2

e.g. eye, ear, nose, tongue, skin

Question 3

Which parts of the body cause the response to a stimulus?

Answer 3

effectors

Question 4

Give an example of an effector.

Answer 4

one of: muscle, gland

Question 5

In what form is information transmitted in the nervous system?

Answer 5

(electrical) impulses

Question 6

How are soluble chemical substances (e.g. digested food molecules) carried around the body?

Answer 6

in the blood/plasma

Question 7

Name one hormone produced in the male reproductive system.

Answer 7

testosterone

Question 8

Name one hormone produced by ovaries.

Answer 8

one of: oestrogen, progesterone

Question 9

Which general name is given to an organ that responds to a hormone?

Answer 9

target organ

Question 10

What effect do hormones have on organs that respond to them?

Answer 10

change how the organ is working

Question 11

What is the name for a gland that produces a hormone?

Answer 11

endocrine gland

Question 12

Name the organ that produces oestrogen.

Answer 12

ovary

Question 13

Name the organ at the base of the brain that produces many hormones.

Answer 13

pituitary gland

Question 14

What is the name for an organ that is affected by a hormone?

Answer 14

target organ

Question 15

Name an organ that is affected by growth hormone.

Answer 15

bones/muscles

Question 16

How do hormones travel around the body?

Answer 16

in the blood

Question 17

Which hormone brings about changes in a boy’s body during puberty?

Answer 17

testosterone

Question 18

Where is adrenalin made?

Answer 18

adrenal glands

Question 19

Describe one effect of adrenalin on the body.

Answer 19

any suitable effect, such as: increases heart rate, increases breathing rate, increases blood pressure, increases blood sugar concentration, dilates pupils

Question 20

What is the role of thyroxine in the body?

Answer 20

to control metabolic rate

Question 21

What name is given to a substance produced in the body that changes how its target organs work?

Answer 21

hormone

Question 22

Name the endocrine gland that produces testosterone.

Answer 22

testis/testes

Question 23

How does testosterone get from where it is made to its target organs?

Answer 23

in blood

Question 24

Name the hormone that produces changes in girls as they become women.

Answer 24

oestrogen

Question 25

In which gland is thyroxine produced?

Answer 25

thyroid gland

Question 26

What is the function of thyroxine in the body?

Answer 26

controls metabolic rate

Question 27

Which hormone controls the fight or flight response?

Answer 27

adrenalin

Question 28

Which term describes when a change in a system causes the opposite change, returning the system to a normal level?

Answer 28

negative feedback

Question 29

What name is given to the cycle of changes in a woman’s reproductive system that happens every month?

Answer 29

menstrual cycle

Question 30

What name is given to methods that prevent fertilisation?

Answer 30

contraception

Question 31

Which term describes the cycle of changes in a woman’s body that happens about every 28 days?

Answer 31

menstrual cycle

Question 32

On approximately which day of the menstrual cycle is an egg cell released from an ovary?

Answer 32

day 14

Question 33

Name two hormones that help to control the menstrual cycle.

Answer 33

two of: oestrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH

Question 34

State where oestrogen is produced.

Answer 34

ovaries

Question 35

How do changes in the blood concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone trigger menstruation?

Answer 35

decrease.

Question 36

Which term describes any method used to reduce the chance of pregnancy?

Answer 36

contraception

Question 37

Give one example of a physical barrier method of contraception.

Answer 37

any one suitable method, such as: condom, diaphragm/cap

Question 38

Which endocrine organ produces the hormones FSH and LH?

Answer 38

pituitary gland

Question 39

A surge in blood concentration of which hormone triggers the release of an egg from an ovary?

Answer 39

LH

Question 40

Which three-letter abbreviation is used to describe a method of increasing the chance of pregnancy by fertilising an egg cell outside the body?

Answer 40

IVF

Question 41

In the menstrual cycle, what usually happens at about day 14?

Answer 41

ovulation

Question 42

What change in the concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone causes menstruation?

Answer 42

Concentrations of both hormones decres menstruation? (Concentrations of both hormones decrease.

Question 43

How does use of a condom during sexual activity help to reduce the risk of pregnancy?

Answer 43

prevents sperm reaching the egg

Question 44

How does the combined contraceptive pill help to reduce the risk of pregnancy?

Answer 44

one of: contains hormones that prevent ovulation/reduces chance of sperm reaching egg

Question 45

A surge in concentration of which hormone triggers ovulation?

Answer 45

LH

Question 46

Which hormone stimulates the growth and maturation of an egg follicle?

Answer 46

FSH

Question 47

Which hormone treatment can be given to women who rarely ovulate, to increase their chance of ovulation?

Answer 47

clomifene therapy

Question 48

Which term means maintaining a constant internal environment?

Answer 48

homeostasis

Question 49

What effect does eating food have on blood glucose concentration?

Answer 49

increases

Question 50

What effect does exercise have on blood glucose concentration?

Answer 50

decreases

Question 51

Which hormone(s) control(s) blood glucose concentration?

Answer 51

insulin, glucagon

Question 52

Which endocrine gland produces this hormone/H these hormones?

Answer 52

pancreas

Question 53

What happens to glucose taken into liver cells as a response to a hormone?

Answer 53

changed to glycogen

Question 54

What causes type 1 diabetes?

Answer 54

no insulin produced

Question 55

What type of treatment must someone with type 1 diabetes have for the rest of their lives?

Answer 55

injection of insulin

Question 56

What causes type 2 diabetes?

Answer 56

either not enough insulin produced, or insulin target cells do not respond properly

Question 57

Which hormone reduces blood glucose concentration?

Answer 57

insulin

Question 58

What are the target cells for insulin?

Answer 58

liver and muscle cells

Question 59

What is the condition in which a person does not produce insulin?

Answer 59

type 1 diabetes

Question 60

What is the condition in which a person does not produce enough insulin or their target cells do not respond properly to it?

Answer 60

type 2 diabetes

Question 61

What effect does exercise have on blood glucose concentration?

Answer 61

reduces it

Question 62

What might a doctor suggest diabetics reduce in their diet?

Answer 62

sugar/glucose

Question 63

How is body mass correlated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

Answer 63

positive correlation/risk increases as mass increases

Question 64

How does the body respond to being too cold?

Answer 64

shivering/goosebumps/reduction of blood flow near the skin

Question 65

How does the body respond to being too hot?

Answer 65

sweating/increased blood flow near the skin