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Biology GCSE Edexcel > Topic 7- Animal Coordination, Control And Homeostasis > Flashcards

Topic 7- Animal Coordination, Control And Homeostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

which gland is thyroxine produced in?

A

Thyroid gland

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2
Q

which gland is adrenaline produced in?

A

Adrenal gland

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3
Q

which gland is oestrogen produced in?

A

Ovaries

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4
Q

which gland is insulin produced in?

A

The pancreas

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5
Q

which gland is testosterone produced in?

A

Adrenal glands,
Testes in males
Ovaries in females

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6
Q

what does the pituitary gland do?

A

produce many hormones that regulate body conditions

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7
Q

what are the differences between neurones and hormones?

A

Neurones:
•very fast action
•act for a very short time
•act on a very precise area

Hormones:
•act for a long time
•act in a more general way

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8
Q

what is adrenaline?

A

A hormone which prepares the body for fight or flight

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9
Q

definition of negative feedback

A

A stimulus effects the body and the body does something to reduce this effect

Eg. Core temperature increases so your body starts sweating to cool you down

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10
Q

definition of positive feedback

A

-

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11
Q

explain how thyroxine regulates metabolism

A

-

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12
Q

what are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle?

A

Stage 1- day 1
When menstruation starts, the lining of the uterus breaks down and is released

Stage 2- day 4-14
The uterus lining is repaired

Stage 3- day 14
An egg develops and is released from ovary

Stage 4-day 14-28
The lining is maintained

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13
Q

what 4 hormones control the menstrual cycle?

A 
•FSH
(Follicle-stimulating hormone)
•oestrogen 
•LH
(Luteinising hormone)
•progesterone
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14
Q

what does FSH do in the menstrual cycle?

A

Causes a follicle(an egg an surrounding cells) to mature in one of the ovaries

  • Released by pituitary glands
  • Stimulates oestrogen production
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15
Q

what does oestrogen do in the menstrual cycle?

A

Causes the lining of the uterus to thicken and grow

•released by the ovaries

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16
Q

what does LH do in the menstrual cycle?

A

Causes the follicle to rupture and release the egg

Stimulates the remains of the follicle and develop a structure called a corpus luteum which secretes progesterone

17
Q

what does progesterone do in the menstrual cycle?

A

Maintains the lining of the uterus

Inhibits the release of FSH and LH

18
Q

definition of clomiphene therapy

A

Some women are infertile because they don’t ovulate

These women can take a drug called clomifene

This works by causes more FSH and LH to be released by the body, which stimulate egg maturation and ovulation

19
Q

definition of IVF

A

IVF involves collecting eggs and sperm and fertilising them in a lab

Once the embryos are a tiny ball of cells they are transferred to the women’s uterus

20
Q

explain how the pill works using progesterone?

A

Stimulates the production of thick cervical mucus, which prevents any sperm getting through the cervix and reaching an egg.

21
Q

definition of homeostasis

A

Maintaining the right conditions inside your body, so that everything works properly

22
Q

give some examples of homeostasis

A

•osmoregulation
-you need to balance the water you gain

•thermoregulation
-right body temperature

•blood glucose regulation
-right amount of sugar in your blood

23
Q

definition of osmoregulation

A

•regulating water in the body

The right amount

24
Q

definition of thermoregulation

A

Regulating body temperature

25
Q

definition of blood glucose regulation

A

Regulating the sugar in your blood

26
Q

explain the regulation of insulin and glucose

A

-

27
Q

what causes type 1 diabetes?

A

Caused by a lack of insulin

28
Q

what causes type 2 diabetes?

A

A resistance to insulin

29
Q

how does someone with type 1 diabetes need to be treated?

A
  • injecting insulin

- limiting foods rich in simple carbohydrates

30
Q

how does someone with type 2 diabetes need to be treated?

A
  • limiting intake of food rich in simple carbohydrates

- regular exercise

31
Q

what are the 3 roles of the kidney?

A
  • removal of urea in the blood
  • adjustment of ion levels in the blood
  • adjustment of water content in the blood
32
Q

nephrons

A
  • in the kidneys

- filter out waste products( eg. Urea)

33
Q

explain how dialysis works

A
  • filters blood for people with kidney failure
  • the patients blood flows into the dialysis machine
  • waste products in the blood get diffused out
  • blood flows back into the patient

Biology GCSE Edexcel (9 decks)

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