Topic 7 Flashcards
Where are hormones produced
Endocrine glands
How hormones go around body
Release into blood
Travel to target organs
Target organs respond
Adrenaline
Brings about fight or flight due to stress
Impacts of adrenaline
Increase HR
blood pressure
Blood flow
(All for oxygen flow)
Increase blood sugar levels
What does thyroxine do
Control metabolic rate
What is negative feedback
Restoring to normal level
What is metabolic rate
Rate at which cells respire or of energy transfers in body
Explanation of negative feedback of thyroxine
If too low, TRH from hypothalamus
Too high, inhibit TRH
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Write out
2 types of contraception
Hormonal
Barrier methods
Hormonal contraceptives
Oestrogen or progesterone
Advantage and disadvantage of hormonal contraceptives
More effective than barrier
Doesn’t protect STI’s
2 examples of assisted reproductive therapy
Clomifene
IVF
What is clomifene
A fertility drug causing FSH and LH to stimulate eggs
What is IVF
1) fertility drug
2) eggs taken from ovaries
3) egged mixed with sperm
4) fertilised into embryos
5) place into womb
What is homeostasis
Maintains conditions at constant level in response to a change
Osmoregulation
Control water levels to stop cells swelling or shrinking
Thermoregulation
Keeps temp at 37
Hypothalamus triggers change in skin and muscle
Impacts of thermoregulation
Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Sweat glands Shivering Erector muscles in body hair
Blood glucose regulation
Insulin from pancreas
Glucagon
What happens if rose in glucose
More insulin
Less glucagon
Liver and muscle cells remove glucose and store as glycogen
What happens if decrease in glucose
Less insulin
More glucagon
Cause liver cells to convert glycogen to glucose and release to blood
BMI calculation
Weight/height2