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ICT AS > Topic 6a: ICT in Business > Flashcards

Topic 6a: ICT in Business Flashcards

1
Q

What does CAD stand for?

A

Computer
Aided
Design

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2
Q

Define CAD.

A

Computer
Aided
Design

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3
Q

Computer Aided Design is also known as what?

A

CAD.

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4
Q

What does CAM stand for?

A

Computer
Aided
Manufacturing.

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5
Q

Define CAM.

A

Computer
Aided
Manufacturing

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6
Q

Computer Aided Manufacturing is also known as what?

A

CAM.

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7
Q

What is CAD software?

A

Use of computers to design physical things, such as buildings, machines, kitchens, products, components - almost anything!

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8
Q

The use of computers to design physical things, such as buildings, machines, kitchens, products, components - almost anything is what?

A

CAD software.

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9
Q

What is CAM software?

A

Use of computers to control manufacturing processes and tools, such as lathes, drills, millers and robots.

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10
Q

The use of computers to control manufacturing processes and tools, such as lathes, drills, millers and robots is what?

A

CAM software.

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11
Q

How does CAM relate to CAM?

A

The outputs of CAD in the form of 3D designs are the inputs to CAM systems that drive machines to produce the physical object or space.

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12
Q

Name 3 features of CAD software (ie 3 things you can do when you are using it).

A 
Zoom 
2D drawing to 3D wiredrawing 
Rotation 
Rendering (hatching) - trying out different surfaces and materials 
Shading 
Layering 
Walkthrough 
Costings
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13
Q

Zoom, 2D drawing to 3D wiredrawing, rotation, rendering (hatching) - trying out different surfaces and materials, shading, layering, walkthrough, and costings are all things you can do using what software?

A

CAD.

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14
Q

Name 3 advantages of using CAD software.

A

Digital drawings can be sent to colleagues, so easier to collaborate as a team - even in different countries
You can manipulate images in 3D
You can import pre-drawn 3D objects from software libraries
The design includes a list of components and materials needed to build the object
Stress/strain tests can be run as simulations to check for safety issues (eg bridge design)

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15
Q

Name 3 advantages of using CAM software

A 
Costs of manufacture are reduced 
Small production runs are economical 
Faster to manufacture the final product 
Better quality because no human errors 
Lower wages cost because fewer workers 
Reprogramming allows easy reuse of machinery
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16
Q

Digital drawings can be sent to colleagues is an advantage of what software?

A

CAD.

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17
Q

Being able to manipulate images in 3D is an advantage of what software?

A

CAD.

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18
Q

Being able to import pre-drawn 3D objects from software libraries is an advantage of what software?

A

CAD.

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19
Q

The design including a list of components and materials needed to build the object is an advantage of what software?

A

CAD.

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20
Q

Stress/strain tests being able to be run as simulations to check for safety issues is an advantage of what software?

A

CAD.

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21
Q

Costs of manufacture being reduced is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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22
Q

Small production runs being economical is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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23
Q

The process being faster to manufacture the final product is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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24
Q

The product being better quality because no human errors is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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25
Q

Lower wages cost because fewer workers is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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26
Q

Reprogramming allowing easy reuse of machinery is an advantage of what software?

A

CAM.

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27
Q

What does JIT stand for?

A

Just In Time.

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28
Q

What is Just in Time stock control?

A

Goods are delivered to stores just as fast as they are sold. The Point of Sale system is integrated with the inventory system, distribution centre and supply chain logistics.

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29
Q

Goods that are delivered to stores just as fast as they are sold where the Point of Sale system is integrated with the inventory system, distribution centre and supply chain logistics is the definition of what?

A

JiT stock control.

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30
Q

What does EPoS stand for?

A

Electronic
Point
of
Sale

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31
Q

What are the 5 main components of an e-commerce system?

A

Product catalogue, search facility, shopping cart, checkout, payments

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32
Q

Name 3 advantages of ecommerce over physical stores.

A 
Consumer has 24/7 access 
Low business start-up costs 
Low running costs 
Website content is always up to date 
Search facility 
Retailer can reach a global marketplace 
Online transactions are a valuable source of customer data
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33
Q

Product catalogue is a component of what?

A

An e-commerce system.

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34
Q

Search facility is a component of what?

A

An e-commerce system.

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35
Q

Shopping cart is a component of what?

A

An e-commerce system.

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36
Q

Checkout is a component of what?

A

An e-commerce system.

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37
Q

Payments is a component of what?

A

An e-commerce system.

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38
Q

The consumer having 24/7 access is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

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39
Q

Low business start-up costs is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

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40
Q

Low running costs is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

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41
Q

The website content always being up to date is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

42
Q

A search facility is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

43
Q

The retailer being able to reach a global marketplace is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

44
Q

Online transactions being a valuable source of customer data is an advantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

45
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of e-commerce.

A

Unemployment increases as fewer staff are needed
Lack of interaction between people
Encourages sedentary lifestyle
Difficult to get customer support
Returning unwanted items is inconvenient
‘Reverse logistics’ of unwanted items is expensive for the company
High possibility of fraud, stealing credit card details, phishing for ID
Off-shore companies might not pay taxes on their sales

46
Q

An increase in unemployment is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

47
Q

A lack of interaction between people is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

48
Q

Encouraging a sedentary lifestyle is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

49
Q

Difficulty to get customer support is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

50
Q

Returning unwanted items being inconvenient is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

51
Q

‘Reverse logistics’ of unwanted items being expensive for the company is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

52
Q

A high possibility of fraud, stealing credit card details, phishing for ID is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

53
Q

Off-shore companies possibly not paying taxes on their sales is a disadvantage of what?

A

E-commerce.

54
Q

Name 3 disadvantages of CAD/CAM (why doesn’t every company have this?)

A

CAD requires a high-specification computer with a lot of processing power, storage, high-resolution screen and 3D mouse.
A designer using CAD has had a lot of training and so their wages will be high.
CAM drives precision manufacturing machines, which are expensive (although the costs are falling).

55
Q

What does CAD require?

A

A high-specification computer with a lot of processing power, storage, high-resolution screen and 3D mouse.

56
Q

A designer using CAD needs?

A

A lot of training.

57
Q

A designer using CAD would have?

A

High wages.

58
Q

What does CAM drive?

A

Precision manufacturing machines.

59
Q

Name advantages of JiT stock control.

A

The store will not run out of fast-selling items.
Stores can be smaller because they don’t have to hold as much stock.
Stores can respond to fluctuations in demand throughout the day.
Easier for the store to manage several small deliveries than one large delivery.
Less storage space is needed in the shop as deliveries go straight on the shelves.

60
Q

The store will not run out of fast-selling items.

Stores can be smaller because they don’t have to hold as much stock is an advantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

61
Q

Stores can respond to fluctuations in demand throughout the day is an advantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

62
Q

Easier for the store to manage several small deliveries than one large delivery is an advantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

63
Q

Less storage space is needed in the shop as deliveries go straight on the shelves is an advantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

64
Q

Name disadvantages of Just in Time stock control.

A

Stores need admin staff to manage the greater number of orders.
All stock needs barcodes
Initial investment is needed to set up the system
Deliveries could be held up by road traffic congestion.
Small inventory means the company is less able to cope with sudden spikes in demand.
Theft could mean that the system has incorrect data.

65
Q

Stores need admin staff to manage the greater number of orders is a disadvantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

66
Q

All stock needing barcodes is a disadvantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

67
Q

Initial investment is needed to set up the system is a disadvantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

68
Q

Deliveries could be held up by road traffic congestion is a disadvantage of what?

A

Just in Time stock control.

69
Q

Small inventory means the company is less able to cope with sudden spikes in demand is a disadvantage of what??

A

Just in Time stock control.

70
Q

Theft could mean that the system has incorrect data is a disadvantage of what??

A

Just in Time stock control.

71
Q

What is a barcode?

A

A barcode is a series of light and dark bars of differing widths printed as a label on a product.
The barcode is read using a camera or laser reader.
The serial number that is encoded in a barcode is printed underneath so that it is human-readable.
A retail barcode consists of the country of origin code, manufacturer code, the product code, and a checksum
digit.

72
Q

A series of light and dark bars of differing widths printed as a label on a product is known as what?

A

A barcode.

73
Q

Why is the serial number that is encoded in a barcode printed underneath it?

A

So that it is human readable.

74
Q

What does a retail barcode consist of?

A

The country of origin code, manufacturer code, product code, and a checksum digit.

75
Q

A products country of origin code is encoded into what?

A

The barcode.

76
Q

A products manufacturer code is encoded into what?

A

The barcode.

77
Q

A products checksum digit is encoded into what?

A

The barcode.

78
Q

What processes are involved in Just in Time stock control?

A

Barcodes on the products are matched with the stock database.
Product that was sold is deducted from JiT database - stock decreases by 1
Current stock is checked against stock orders.
If below level, an automatic request is sent to the supplier, or distribution centre.
Stock is delivered (barcodes are on packaging, or added by retailer)
Stock is database updated.

79
Q

What is the first process involved in JiT stock control?

A

Barcodes on the products are matched with the stock database.

80
Q

What is the second process involved in JiT stock control?

A

Product that was sold is deducted from JiT database - stock decreases by 1

81
Q

What is the third process involved in JiT stock control?

A

Current stock is checked against stock orders.

82
Q

What is the fourth process involved in JiT stock control?

A

If below level, an automatic request is sent to the supplier, or distribution centre.

83
Q

What is the fifth process involved in JiT stock control?

A

Stock is delivered (barcodes are on packaging, or added by retailer)

84
Q

What is the sixth process involved in JiT stock control?

A

Stock is database updated.

85
Q

Barcodes on the products are matched with the stock database is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

1st.

86
Q

Product that was sold is deducted from JiT database - stock decreases by 1 is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

2nd

87
Q

Current stock is checked against stock orders is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

3rd

88
Q

If below level, an automatic request is sent to the supplier, or distribution centre is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

4th

89
Q

Stock is delivered (barcodes are on packaging, or added by retailer) is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

5th

90
Q

Stock is database updated is which process in JiT stock control? (1st, 2nd, 3rd etc.)

A

6th

91
Q

State two advantages of using barcodes for entering product data.

A

Using a scanner to read barcodes is faster than typing in product codes by hand.
A barcode scanner is more accurate (less prone to scanning errors) than manual typing.
Low printing costs - it is inexpensive to print barcodes onto product packaging.

92
Q

Using a scanner to read barcodes is faster than typing in product codes by hand is an advantage of what?

A

Using barcodes to enter product data.

93
Q

A barcode scanner is more accurate (less prone to scanning errors) than manual typing is an advantage of what?

A

Using barcodes to enter product data.

94
Q

Low printing costs - it is inexpensive to print barcodes onto product packaging is an advantage of what?

A

Using barcodes to enter product data.

95
Q

State a disadvantage of using barcodes for entering product data.

A

A basic retail barcode only holds data in the form of numbers.
Laser scanners in supermarkets are expensive (although hand-held scanners are lower price and smartphone barcode reader apps are free).

96
Q

A basic retail barcode only holds data in the form of numbers is a disadvantage of what?

A

Using barcodes to enter product data.

97
Q

What does EFT stand for?

A

Electronic
Funds
Transfer

98
Q

What is EFT?

A

When a customer goes to the till, or an ecommerce checkout, their total bill is calculated. The ETF system checks they have enough money in their account. If they do, the funds are transfered from the customer’s bank account to the supermarket’s bank account. The transfer might take place between different banks, or within the same bank.

99
Q

What is EPoS?

A

EPoS is the checkout facility in a retail store. It includes a cash till, a display screen, a barcode scanner, a printer for receipts, and a credit / debit card reader.

100
Q

Describe a typical EPoS system in a modern retail store?

A

in a modern store, EPoS could include a tablet for running the sales and payments software and a portable credit/debit card reader. This allows the sales assistant to take payments anywhere in the store. The customer could be sent a digital receipt via their mobile phone.

101
Q

What is a loyalty card?

A

The card identifies the holder as a member of the retailer’s rewards scheme. The customer is encouraged to spend more in order to receive discounts.

102
Q

What are the advantages of a loyalty card scheme for retailers?

A

Advantages of loyalty cards for retailers include:
Increases the amount customers spend
Builds a profile of typical customers through their buying habits
Offer discounts in partnership with other companies, for example hotels.
Measure the results of special offer campaigns
Encourage customers to buy their more profitable items rather than their low-margin products.

ICT AS (14 decks)

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