Topic 6- Plant Structure and their Functions

Question 1

Waxy cuticle…

Answer 1

Prevents water loss through transpiration

Less stomata for decreased water loss

Question 2

Upper epidermis…

Answer 2

Transparent and thin for more light to pass through to the palisade layer

Question 3

Palisade mesophyll tissue…

Answer 3

Contains lots of chloroplasts to absorb the light energy which has passed through

Question 4

Spongy mesophyll tissue…

Answer 4

Contains air spaces to increase rate of diffusion

Question 5

Lower epidimis…

Answer 5

Contains lots of stomata (see other revision card)

Question 6

Stomata are found…

Answer 6

On the lower surface of a leaf

Question 7

Stomata allow gaseous exchange which means…

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide (CO2) in for photosynthesis
Oxygen (02) out as a product of this reaction

Question 8

Water vapour escapes through the stomata during…

Answer 8

Transpiration

Question 9

When the guard cells are full of water…

Answer 9

The guard cells are turgid (swollen) and therefore the stomata opens

Question 10

When the guard cell are not full of water and limp…

Answer 10

The guard cells are flaccid and the stomata close

Question 11

Photosynthesis word equation

Answer 11

Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide + Water > Glucose + Oxygen
Light

Question 12

Balanced photosynthesis equation

Answer 12

6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 13

Photosynthesis occurs inside the…

Answer 13

Chloroplasts which contains chlorophyll which absorbs light

Question 14

Photosynthesis is an …. reaction

Answer 14

Endothermic reaction which means energy is TAKEN IN during the reaction

Question 15

Phloem tubes transport…

Answer 15

Food substances, mainly sucrose

Question 16

Phloem tube cells are…

Answer 16

Living cells

Which are seen as green through a microscope

Question 17

Phloem tube adaptations

Answer 17

Have small pores in the end walls to allow sucrose and food substances to flow through quicker

Question 18

Phloem tubes transport in…

Answer 18

Both directions, up and down

Question 19

Xylem tubes transport…

Answer 19

Water and mineral ions from root hair cells

Question 20

Xylem tubes are…

Answer 20

Dead cells

Seen as brown down a microscope

Question 21

Xylem tube adaptations

Answer 21

Hollow tubes with no end cell walls therefore water flow isn’t slowed down

Question 22

Xylem tubes transport water and mineral ions…

Answer 22

Upwards from the root hair cells carried to the leaves via the roots and stem

Question 23

Root hair cells are found…

Answer 23

On the surface of the roots

Question 24

Root hair cell adaptations

Answer 24

Large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions

Which are transported upwards from the root hair cells

Question 25

Root hair cells absorb minerals…

Answer 25

By active transport, because there is a higher concentration of mineral ions in the root hair cells compared to the soil around

Question 26

Root hair cells absorb water…

Answer 26

By osmosis, water molecules moving across a partially permeable membrane, from higher water concentration to lower water concentration