topic 6 nervous communication

Question 1

what do receptors do?

Answer 1

detect stimuli

Question 2

what are receptors?

Answer 2

cells or proteins on cell surface membranes

Question 3

what are effectors?

Answer 3

cells that bring about a response to a stimulus

Question 4

what are effectors?

Answer 4

muscle cells and glands

Question 5

what does a sensory neuron do?

Answer 5

transmits electrical impulses from the receptors to the central nervous system

Question 6

what does a motor neuron do?

Answer 6

transmits electrical impulses from the central nervous system to effectors

Question 7

what does a relay neuron do?

Answer 7

transmits electrical impulses between sensory and motor neurons

Question 8

how does a stimulus response occur?

Answer 8

stimulus detected by receptors
elecrtical impulse sent along a sensory neuron to the central nervous system
the central nervous system processes information which processes information and sends impulses along motor neurons to an effector

Question 9

what is the central nervous system made of?

Answer 9

the brain and the spinal cord

Question 10

what is the peripheral nervous system made of?

Answer 10

neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

Question 11

what does the peripheral nervous system divide into?

Answer 11

somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 12

what is the job of the somatic nervous system?

Answer 12

controls conscious activities

Question 13

what is the job of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 13

controls unconscious activities

Question 14

what does the autonomic nervous system divide into?

Answer 14

sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 15

what is the job of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 15

fight or flight response

Question 16

what is the job of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 16

rest and digest response

Question 17

what is a reflex?

Answer 17

where the body responds to a stimulus without making a conscious decision to respond

Question 18

how does a reflex arc happen?

Answer 18

receptors detect the stimulus
sensory neuron carries impulses to the relay neuron
relay connects to the motor neuron
motor neuron sends impulses to the effector
effector responds

Question 19

why is the nervous system localised, short lived and rapid?

Answer 19

neurotransmitters secreted directly into target cells (localised)
neurotransmitters quickly removed once they’ve done their job (short lived)
electrical impulses fast (rapid)