Topic 6 Metabolism

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

The collection of chemical reactions in a cell

Question 2

What are catabolic pathways?

Answer 2

The breakdown of complex molecules, releasing energy

Question 3

What is cellular respiration an example of?

Answer 3

Catabolic pathway

Question 4

What are anabolic pathways?

Answer 4

the series of chemical reactions where you obtain a final product, requiring energy

Question 5

What is protein synthesis an example of?

Answer 5

anabolic pathway

Question 6

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 6

Movement energy

Question 7

What is potential energy?

Answer 7

positional energy (stored)

Question 8

Is thermal kinetic or potential energy?

Answer 8

Kinetic bc generated by the movement of molecules

Question 9

Is chemical potential or kinetic energy?

Answer 9

Potential bc it is energy available for release

Question 10

What is ATP?

Answer 10

a modified RNA nucleotide with 3 phosphates instead of 1

Question 11

Where are the high energy electrons stored in ATP?

Answer 11

In the bond of the last phosphate on the end

Question 12

Why do cells use ATP?

Question 13

What are endergonic chemical reactions?

Answer 13

Low energy reactants to high energy products, releasing energy

Question 14

What are exergonic chemical reactions?

Answer 14

High energy reactants go in to low energy products

Question 15

How do enzymes affect a chemical reactions?

Answer 15

they speed up reaction and lower activation energy

Question 16

What factors influence enzyme reactions?

Answer 16

pH, temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, inhibitor

Question 17

How does pH level influence enzymes?

Answer 17

disrupts ion balance and this breaks the enzyme down

Question 18

What happens to enzymes when pH level is increased?

Answer 18

increases negative hydroxide ions and decreases positive hydrogen ions

Question 19

What happens to enzymes when pH is lowered?

Answer 19

increases positive hydrogen ions, decreases negative hydroxide ions

Question 20

How does temperature influence enzymes?

Answer 20

increase in thermal energy destroys hydrogen bonds fast, decreasing slows down doesn’t kill

Question 21

How does the substrate concentration influence enzymes?

Answer 21

Enzyme activity increases when the concentration of substrate increases since it is more likely for it is encounter enzyme

Question 22

How does enzyme concentration influence enzymes?

Answer 22

Speeds up the reaction

Question 23

What are the 2 types of enzyme inhibitors?

Answer 23

competitive inhibitor and noncompetitive inhibitor

Question 24

How do competitive inhibitors work?

Answer 24

binds to the active site, doesn’t allow substrate to bind

Question 25

How do noncompetitive inhibitors work?

Answer 25

Binds in the allosteric site and changes the structure of the active site

Question 26

What does it mean when an enzyme is denatured?

Answer 26

its structure is lost thus cant function

Question 27

Why do enzymes become denatured?

Answer 27

change in pH or temp