Topic 6: Fats

Question 1

what are the sources of omega 6?

Answer 1

Vegetable oils
meats
eggs
Dairy

Question 2

what is the function of fat in the diet?

Answer 2

used by body for energy
form part of the structure of cells
stored under the skin and helps to insulate the body
protects vital organs
sources of fat soluble vitamins A,D,E and K
feeling of satiety

Question 3

What are lipids?

Answer 3

fats and oils

Question 4

what are the similarities between fats and oils?

Answer 4

chemical structures and functions

Question 5

what does too much saturated fat do to you?

Answer 5

high blood cholesterol, coronary heart disease, diabetes and obesity

Question 6

what is the structure of monounsaturated fats?

Answer 6

1 double bond with carbon, only 1 hydrogen atom attached
capable of taking up more hydrogen
soft at room temp but solid at coldest part of fridge
found in both animals and vegetable fats

Question 7

what are examples of EFAs?

Answer 7

linoleic acid
linolenic acid
arachidonic acid
Omega 3
Omega 6

Question 8

what are the sources of omega 3?

Answer 8

fish, vegetables, soy, flaxseeds, and walnuts

Question 9

What are free radicals?

Answer 9

Toxic compounds created in the body that may contribute to certain chronic diseases

Question 10

What do free radicals do?

Answer 10

oxidised the lipoprotein + fat deposited in the artery

Question 11

What are “ACE” vitamins?

Answer 11

the vitamins that protect against the free radicals

Question 12

what does excess fats cause?

Answer 12

obesity, coronary heart, high blood pressure, diabetes and a stroke

Question 13

how do you reduce fat content?

Answer 13

lean cuts of meats, check fat content, trimming fat from meat

Question 14

What are fats?

Answer 14

large molecules composed of glycerol and fatty acids, contain CHO

Question 15

hat are the two types of fats?

Answer 15

saturated and unsaturated

Question 16

what is the structure of a saturated fat?

Answer 16

Has only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms. They are fatty acid chains with no double bonds.

Question 17

what state are saturated fats at room temperature?

Answer 17

solid

Question 18

Where are saturated fats found?

Answer 18

animal products

Question 19

What is cholesterol?

Answer 19

A waxy, fat like substance

Question 20

what happens when there are high levels of cholesterol?

Answer 20

it is deposited in the walls of the artery, narrowing them and making them less efficient

Question 21

What are the two types of unsaturated fats?

Answer 21

monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

Question 22

What are unsaturated fats?

Answer 22

fats that are liquid at room temperature

Question 23

do monounsaturated fatty acids reduce lower blood cholesterol?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

What are polyunsaturated fats?

Answer 24

When two or more double bonds are present, taking up more hydrogen atoms

Question 25

what state are polyunsaturated fats at room temperature?

Answer 25

soft or oily

Question 26

What are trans fatty acids?

Answer 26

fatty acids that are produced when polyunsaturated oils are hydrogenated to make them more solid

Question 27

What is hydrogenation?

Answer 27

The process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated fats by adding hydrogen

Question 28

do TF acids raise your blood cholesterol?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

what are the risks of trans-fatty acids?

Answer 29

increases the risk of breast cancer

Question 30

What are the essential fatty acids?

Answer 30

fatty acids that must be supplied by the diet to maintain health

Question 31

What is satiety?

Answer 31

feeling of fullness

Question 32

give examples of some essential fatty acids?

Answer 32

oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid

Question 33

how much of our energy should come from fats?

Answer 33

33%

Question 34

give some animal sources of fat

Answer 34

lard, suet, dairy products, tuna, salmon

Question 35

give some vegetable sources of fat

Answer 35

avocado, olives, peanuts, walnuts