Topic 1: The relationship between diet and health

Question 1

why do we need to eat food in the correct balance?

Answer 1

• energy we need to survive
• growth and repair of body tissue
• all bodily function, depend on energy and trace elements found
• stop us feeling hungry
• health and well-being

Question 2

what is the Eatwell guide?

Answer 2

a healthy eating mode, to encourage people to eat the correct proportions of food to achieve a balanced diet

Question 3

who can follow the Eatwell Guide?

Answer 3

Most people except children under 2 who have special dietary needs
Between age 2-5 children should start following it

Question 4

what are the 5 food groups of the Eatwell guide?

Answer 4

Fruit and veg
Starchy carbohydrates + pasta, bread, potatoes etc.
Dairy
Beans, pulses, meat, fish and other proteins
Oils and spread

Question 5

What dietary advice does the Eatwell Guide support?

Answer 5

reduce fat, sugar, sugar and alcohol in your diet
Eat more fibre

Question 6

Is there good or bad food?

Answer 6

No. All food can be in a healthy diet as long as the overall balance is right

Question 7

What can be said about fruits and vegetables?

Answer 7

• eat at least 5 portions of fruit + veg a day
• over a third of the food we eat in a day
• if you eat, less likely to develop CHD and other cancers
• potatoes not part of group

Question 8

What can be said about starchy carbohydrates?

Answer 8

• eat wholegrain and higher fibre where possible
• make up over a third of the food we eat
• good source of energy and provide use with other nutrients
• often combined with other ingredients
• consider the way you are cooking it

Question 9

What can be said about dairy?

Answer 9

• good sources of protein, vitamins and calcium
• many lower fat alternatives
• no butters and creams as they are high in saturated fat
• check labels for fat content

Question 10

what can be said about proteins?

Answer 10

• good source of protein and other nutrients
• good alternative to meat
• try to reduce red and processed meat
• use cooking method with no fat
• choose lower fat meat products
• fish twice a week

Question 11

what can be said about oils and spreads?

Answer 11

• some fats included in the diet, reduce intake of saturated fat
• not use a lot of product as they are high in fat
• choose low fat spreads
• foods high in calories
• butter not included as it should be eaten less often

Question 12

what counts towards your 6-8 glasses of fluid a day?

Answer 12

tea, lower fat milk, sugar free drinks, water, coffee

Question 13

what are the effects of reducing the amount of saturated fat?

Answer 13

• reduced risk of heart disease
• lower blood cholesterol

Question 14

what are the effects of reducing the amount of sugars?

Answer 14

• reduce risk of obesity
• reduce risk of tooth decay

Question 15

how much of our sugar should come from free sugars?

Answer 15

no more than 5%

Question 16

what are free sugars?

Answer 16

added to foods and drinks by manufacturers,cooks or consumers and are found naturally in honey, syrups and fruit juices

Question 17

what are non-free sugars?

Answer 17

found naturally in products

Question 18

what are the effects of reducing the amount of salt?

Answer 18

• reduce blood pressure
• reduce risk of heart disease
• reduce risk of a stroke

Question 19

what are the eight tips for eating healthy?

Answer 19

1) base your meals on starchy foods
2) eat lots of fruit and vegetables
3) eat more fish - two portions a week; one of these should be oily
4) cut down on saturated fat and sugar
5) eat less salt - adults should eat no more than 6g per day
6) get active and maintain a healthy weight
7) don’t get thirsty, drink plenty of water
8) don’t skip breakfast

Question 20

what is obesity?

Answer 20

excess fatness, measured as a ratio of weight to height

Question 21

what is diabetes?

Answer 21

a metabolic disorder caused by the poor absorption of glucose. This can be due to the failure to produce insulin or the poor response of tissues to insulin.
Type 1 develops in childhood
Type 2 is usually from the middle ages onwards

Question 22

how do most people try to lose weight?

Answer 22

reducing the number of calories combined

Question 23

Factors which contribute to the risk of heart disease

Answer 23

• low levels of exercise
• smoking
• family history
• high blood pressure
• raised cholesterol
• obesity

Question 24

How to reduce the risk of heart disease

Answer 24

• varied diet
• more fruit and vegetables
• more starchy carbohydrates
• regular physical exercise
• do not smoke
• fish instead of meat
• mono- and polyunsaturated fats
• cut back on fat in diet and cooking

Question 25

What should diabetics do to follow their guidance

Answer 25

• high-fibre starchy carbohydrates
• low in sugar

Question 26

what is diverticulitis?

Answer 26

condition that affects the large intestine

Question 27

what is diverticular disease?

Answer 27

caused by a lack of fibre

Question 28

what is NSP?

Answer 28

part of the food that is not digested by the body

Question 29

what is osteoporosis?

Answer 29

bones start to use minerals and their strength and break easily

Question 30

what would increase your likelihood of getting osteoporosis?

Answer 30

• genes
• age
• race
• gender
• smoking
• low body weight
• previous fractures
• medicines
• high alcohol consumption

Question 31

what is anaemia?

Answer 31

lack of iron in the diet

Question 32

what are the best sources of iron?

Answer 32

• liver and kidney
• red meat
• oily fish
• leafy green vegetables