topic 6

Question 1

evidence for evolution categories

Answer 1

direct observations of evolutionary change, homologies, fossil record, biogeography

Question 2

direct examples of evolution

Answer 2

galapagos finches, peppered moth color, pesticide resistance, artificial selection, drug resistance

Question 3

homologies

Answer 3

similarities that arise from a shared evolutionary ancestor (morphological, embryonic, vestigal, molecular)

Question 4

morphological homologies

Answer 4

physical resemblances from a structure in a common ancestor (tetrapod forelimb)

Question 5

homologous embryonic structures

Answer 5

similar embryonic features in early development (head, neck, ears)

Question 6

vestigial structures

Answer 6

remenants of structures from an ancestor that no longer have function (whale pelvis, appendix)

Question 7

molecular homologies

Answer 7

similar molecular sequences in more closely related species

Question 8

fossil record

Answer 8

historical timeline of species/evolutionary changes

Question 9

transitional fossils

Answer 9

fossils show intermediate species that seem to be ancestors, transitional fossils show missing links/show phylogenies

Question 10

chronological sequence

Answer 10

order that different groups appear in the fossil record shows their evolutionary relationships

Question 11

biogeography

Answer 11

study of how species are distributed across the globe

Question 12

isolated populations

Answer 12

closely related species that have distinct characteristics because of geographic isolation

Question 13

adaptive radiation

Answer 13

how new species evolve when populations are geographically separated/subject to different environmental pressures

Question 14

endemic speices

Answer 14

species that are only found in a specific area

Question 15

continental patterns of species distribution

Answer 15

reflect evolutionary histories through living and fossil speices (keep continental movement in mind