topic 6

Question 1

Concept

Answer 1

a family of conceptions, such as “chair”, representing the whole class of actual chairs

Question 2

Direct observables

Answer 2

physical characteristics (sex, height, skin, color) of a person being observed and/or interviewed

Question 3

Indirect observables

Answer 3

– characteristics of a person as indicated by answers given in a self- administered questionnaire

Question 4

Constructs

Answer 4

level of alienation, as measured by a scale that is created by combining several direct and/or indirect observables

Question 5

Conceptualization

Answer 5

– the mental process whereby fuzzy and imprecise notions (concepts) are made more specific and precise.

Question 6

Indicator

Answer 6

an observation that we choose to consider as a reflection of a variable we wish to study. Thus, for example, attending religious services might be considered an indicator of religiosity

Question 7

Dimension

Answer 7

a specifiable aspect of a concept. “Religiosity”, for example, might be specified in terms of a belief dimension, a ritual dimension, a devotional dimension, a knowledge dimension, and so forth.

Question 8

Cognitive interviewing

Answer 8

testing potential questions in an interview setting, probing to learn how respondents understand or interpret the questions

Question 9

Index

Answer 9

ORDINAL VALUE, a type of composite measure that summarizes and rank-orders several specific observations and represents some more-general dimension

Question 10

Scale

Answer 10

a type of composite measure composed of several items that have a logical or empirical structure among them. Examples of scales include the Bogardus social distance

Question 11

Typology

Answer 11

CRREATING A NOMINAL USING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES, TYPES, the classification (typically nominal) of observations in terms of their attributes on two or more variables. The classification of newspaper as liberal-urban, liberal-rural, conservative-urban, or conservative-rural would be an example.

Question 12

the 3 steps

Answer 12

conceptualisation, operalisation, measurement

Question 13

conceptionalisation

Answer 13

provides clarity, defines the construct in theoretical terms, specifying what it means

Question 14

operionalization

Answer 14

definition into specific measurable criteria, how it will be observed and measured

Question 15

measurement

Answer 15

actual process of collecting data to quantify the construct, selecting tools and methods, MEASURING

Question 16

composite measure

Answer 16

combines multiple indicators or dimensions to represent a single construct

Question 17

TRIANGULATION

Answer 17

using at least two different operationalisations to measure the same theoretical concept from he same units

Question 18

dimension

Answer 18

a specific aspect or subcomponent of a construct

Question 19

trait

Answer 19

characteristic or quality, that helps define a construct, often stable

Question 20

what is good conceptualisation

Answer 20

is it clear enough to tell what a unit is
is it possible to measure the concept
does it help to create meaningful theories that stand tests

Question 21

AND

Answer 21

combination of facets, if one is missing then can’t be true, incomplete

Question 22

NOT

Answer 22

creation of typology, AA, BA,AB,BB, CRETA UNIQUE COMBINATIONS AND TYPES

Question 23

OR

Answer 23

no need of all to, set of facts is sufficient to meet certain criteria but not all facets are required, only some to meet the DETERMINATION

Question 24

missing

Answer 24

the facets relate to each other but not combine, describe diff aspects of a person, but they don’t combine to form a singular classification type