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Physics > Topic 5: Waves > Flashcards

Topic 5: Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

what is phase difference

A

The amount one wave lags behind another

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2
Q

What is phase

A

A measure of a position of a certain point along a wave
(phase diff also counts as the distance between these points)

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3
Q

What is a transverse wave

A

A wave in which the vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of travel

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4
Q

What is a longitudinal wave

A

A wave in which vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel.

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5
Q

What is amplitude

A

The Maximum Magnitude of displacement

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6
Q

what is wavelength

A

The length of one whole wave cycle. e.g crest to crest or trough to trough.

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7
Q

What is displacement

A

How far a point on a wave has moved from its undisturbed position

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8
Q

what is the speed of light in air

A

3x10-8

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9
Q

What is the Frequency

A

The number of cycles (vibrations)per second passing a given point

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10
Q

What is the Unit and symbol for frequency

A

Hz
F

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11
Q

What is the unit and symbol for wave speed

A

Ms^-1
V

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12
Q

What is the unit and symbol for a Period

A

s T

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13
Q

What is the unit and symbol for Wavelength

A

Meters
λ

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14
Q

What is the Equation for Wave speed

A

V=f x λ

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15
Q

Give 6 features of a wave

A

Absorption, Transmission,Reflection, Refraction,Interference,Diffraction

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16
Q

Which two features of a wave provide evidence for the existence of Waves

A

Diffraction & Interference

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17
Q

What is absorption

A

when energy is absorbed by an object

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18
Q

Whats is transmission

A

when energy is transmitted from one source to another

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19
Q

What is reflection

A

When a wave bounces of a surface

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20
Q

What is refraction

A

When a Wave changes speed Because is enters a new medium

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21
Q

What is interference

A

When 2 waves meet at the same point and adds displacement

22
Q

What is diffraction

A

When Waves spread Through a Gap

23
Q

Define intensity

A

How much energy a wave is carrying

24
Q

Define Superposition

A

When two or more waves pass through each other. The displacement of this overlap is the vector sum of two waves

25
Q

What is A Wave

A

When the vibration of a medium Travels but the medium itself Does not Travel

26
Q

Name the waves in the Electromagnetic spectrum in order of rising frequency falling wavelength.

A

radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays.

27
Q

What type of wave are the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum.

A

Transverse waves

28
Q

What is total constructive interference

A

when two waves interfere they are amplified.
where the path difference is a whole number due to the waves arriving in phase

29
Q

What is total destructive interference

A

when two waves interfere they are diminished .

30
Q

Define coherent

A

Sources that have the same wavelength and frequency and a fixed phase difference between them

31
Q

What is the maximum point in total constructive interference

A

The brightest point

32
Q

What is the minimum point in total Destructive interference

A

The darkest point

33
Q

What is the Equation for total Constructive interference

A

nλ

34
Q

What is the Equation for total Destructive interference

A

n+1/2 λ

35
Q

What is compression

A

Areas of High pressure in a longitudinal wave

36
Q

What is rarefaction

A

Areas of low pressure in a longitudinal wave

37
Q

How do you calculate the wavelength in a longitudinal wave

A

By finding the distance from either compression to compression of rarefaction to rarefacation

38
Q

What is the equation for phase difference

A

θ=2πx/λ

39
Q

what unit are we referring to when we talk about wave path

A

lander

40
Q

what unit are we referring to when we talk about wave Difference

A

pi

41
Q

Define a progressive wave

A

An oscillation that travels through matter transferring energy from one place to another but not transferring matter.

42
Q

Define a stationary wave

A

When to waves travelling in opposite directions waves reflects before they superimpose.

43
Q

Define a Node

A

When amplitude is equal to zero

44
Q

Define an Anti node

A

When amplitude is at the maximum

45
Q

What is the diffraction equation

A

d \sin \theta=n \lambda

46
Q

what is the pulse echo technique

A

A diagnostic technique that uses a short duration ultrasound pulses, transmitted to a place of interest causing echo signals which are detected and displayed.

47
Q

what is the pulse echo distance equation

A

X=Vt/2

48
Q

How is an image constructed using pulse echo

A

Using the energy transmitted back to the transducer

49
Q

What is the amount of energy refracted & transmitted dependent on

A

Density

50
Q

What sends out pulse in the ultrasound example

A

A Transducer

51
Q

What is the equation for fringe width

A

W= λD/s

w= fringe width
s= distance between slits
D=distance between slits and screen
λ=wavelength

Physics (10 decks)

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