Topic 3:Electric circuits Flashcards
Define current
The rate of flow of charge
Define voltage
The amount of energy a component transfers per unit of charge
Define charge
The fundamental property of a particle
Define EMF
Electromotive force
When energy transfers from another form of energy to electrical energy.
Define potential difference
The Difference between the amount of energy a charge carries between two points
Define Resistance
The measure of how difficult it is for a current to flow through a component
Define Resistivity
Define Drift velocity
The Average net velocity that electrons move with when in an electric field.
Define Electrical Power
The rate at which work is done/energy is transferred
Define Efficiency
The percentage of a total input that is useful for completing a task.
Define Series circuit
when components in a circuit are on the same branch.
Define Parallel circuit
When the components in a circuit are on separate branches parallel to each other
Define Electronvolt
The amount of energy an electron will gain when it moves from one volt.
Define Semiconductor
Materials that can conduct electrons under certain conditions Due to the small gap between the conduction & valance bands
Define valence bonds
The last electron shell with electrons(outer shell electrons)
Define Conduction band
Above the valance band where the electrons are free to move and conduct electricity
Define potential divider
a circuit that contains two components in series
Define potentiometer
a piece of equipment that measures potential difference
Define Internal resistance
E=V+ Ir
Define Terminal P.D
terminal pd id the Voltage in the E=V+Ir equation
Define Lost Volts
Ir
Lost volts is the product of the current and the internal resistance of a circuit.
Define Ohms law
When the current of a component is directly proportional to the voltage, given the temperature and conditions are constant
Define Kirchhoff’s First Law
The current entering a junction is equal to the current leaving a junction
Define Kirchhoff’s Second Law
The sum of the EMF is Equal to the sum of the potential difference.
What is the Equation for The Current in a parallel circuit.
i=i1+i2+i3
What is the Equation for The Current in a Series circuit.
i1=i2=i3
What is the Equation for The voltage in a parallel circuit.
V1=V2=V3
What is the Equation for The Voltage in a Series circuit.
V1=V2+V3
What is the Equation for resistivity
R=Pl/A
What is the equation for Internal resistance
E=V+Ir
What is the equation linking current ,drift velocity, charge, Area and charge carriers.
I=nqvA
What is the equation to find an unknown voltage in a potential divider
Vout=Vin x R2/R1+R2
Derive the Rule for addition Resistors in series. what law is this based on
R=R1+R2+R3
Derive the Rule for addition Resistors in parallel.what law is this based on
R=1/R1+1/R2+1/R3
