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History Elizabethan > Topic 5 - the Catholic threat > Flashcards

Topic 5 - the Catholic threat Flashcards

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1
Q

Why was Elizabeth initially accepting of English Catholics?

A

Foreign threat, opposition from the House of Lords about Protestant parts of the religious settlement, fear of rebellion from nobles and the realisation that most of the population was still Catholic

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2
Q

Why did Elizabeth adopt a firmer approach towards reluctant Catholics?

A

Multiple Catholic plots against her, the arrival of seminary and Jesuit priests and the issue of the Papal Bull

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3
Q

What did the Papal Bull do?

A

Freed Catholics of any loyalty to Elizabeth and called for them to help remove her from the throne

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4
Q

What was a recusant?

A

Someone who rebelled against the Religious Settlement

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5
Q

How did Elizabeth try and deal with recusants?

A

An increased recusancy fine and making it a treasonable offence to try and convert someone to Catholicism

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6
Q

What were seminary priests?

A

Trained Catholic priests sent to England to try and restore Catholicism; 438 were sent and 98 were sentenced to death

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7
Q

What were Jesuits?

A

Members of ‘The Society of Jesus’, with the aim to destroy heresy

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8
Q

When did Jesuits arrive in England?

A

1580

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9
Q

What year was the act passed that confined Catholics to within 5 miles of their homes?

A

1593

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10
Q

Who was Edmund Campion?

A

A Jesuit priest who was sent to England, before being found guilty of treason and executed

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11
Q

When did Mary, Queen of Scots, arrive in England?

A

1568

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12
Q

Who did Mary, Queen of Scots, marry?

A

King Francis II

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13
Q

When did Mary return to Scotland?

A

1561

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14
Q

How was Scotland different when Mary returned?

A

It had become mainly Protestant after the rebellion of Protestant lords

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15
Q

Why was Mary, Queen of Scots, forced to abdicate?

A

After the suspected murder of her husband, she was imprisoned at Loch Leven Castle

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16
Q

When did Mary abdicate?

A

July 1567

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17
Q

When was the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

A

1569

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18
Q

Who led the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

A

Charles Neville and Thomas Percy

19
Q

What happened during the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

A

In November 1569, 4600 men marched into Durham, held a Catholic Mass in the cathedral, tore up the English Prayer Book and Bible, before hearing of an army and retreating north

20
Q

Why did the rebellion of the Northern Earls fail?

A

Lack of foreign support, poor planning and leadership and Elizabeth’s popularity

21
Q

What happened in the aftermath of the rebellion of the Northern Earls

A

Thomas Percy was caught and killed in York, and many rebels were killed to reimpose royal authority

22
Q

When was Elizabeth excommunicated from the Catholic Church?

A

February 1570

23
Q

Which Pope excommunicated Elizabeth?

A

Pope Pius V

24
Q

What did the Papal Bull give Catholics permission to do?

A

It gave Catholics permission to plot against the queen and plan her removal from office

25
Q

How did Parliament respond to the Papal Bull?

A

A new Treason Act of 1571 made it treasonable to declare Elizabeth as not the lawful queen, to introduce or publish any Papal Bull and allowed for the confiscation of Catholic propery if they fled abroad and didn’t return within 12 months

26
Q

What did the Council of the North do?

A

An organisation to reduce the power of the earls

27
Q

When was the Ridolfi plot?

A

1571

28
Q

Who discovered the Ridolfi plot?

A

William Cecil and Sir Francis Walshingham

29
Q

Who organised the Ridolfi plot?

A

Roberto Ridolfi

30
Q

What was set to happen in the Ridolfi Plot?

A

A Spanish army would land and help English Catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary queen, who would marry the Duke of Norfolk and make England Catholic again

31
Q

How were conspirators punished after the Ridolfi Plot was discovered?

A

Norfolk was killed, Ridolfi and the Spanish ambassador, De Spes, were expelled from the country

32
Q

When was the Throckmorton plot?

A

1583-1584

33
Q

Who organised the Throckmorton plot?

A

Francis Throckmorton

34
Q

Who backed the Throckmorton plot?

A

French Catholic forces, as well as Spanish and papal money

35
Q

What happened in the aftermath of the Throckmorton plot?

A

Throckmorton was tortured and killed, and Mary was moved to Tutbury castle in Staffordshire; she was banned from receiveing any visitors

36
Q

Who tried to murder Elizabeth?

A

John Somerville in 1583

37
Q

When was war declared between England and Spain?

A

1585

38
Q

When was the Babington plot discovered?

A

1586 by Walshingham

39
Q

Who planned the Babington plot?

A

Anthony Babington, a young Catholic nobleman

40
Q

Howwas Mary linked to the Babington plot?

A

Hidden letters between her and Babington were found in beer barrels by Walshingham’s agents

41
Q

When was Babington killed?

A

September 1586

42
Q

When was the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots?

A

October 1586

43
Q

What was Mary’s sentence?

A

Death

44
Q

When did Elizabeth sign Mary’s death warrant?

A

February 1st, 1587

History Elizabethan (8 decks)

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