Topic 5 - TEST(s) Renal. Flashcards
Give an example that is consistent with an upper urinary tract obstruction?
a calculus in the renal pelvis
Older men are more at risk for urinary tract infections because?
The urethra may be constricted by prostate hyperplasia.
Hydronephrosis leads to the following circumstances of?
Increased pressure inside the renal capsule, compartment syndrome and ischaemia.
When nephrons are unable to regulate electrolyte balance it is termed?
= Renal failure.
As Renal failure progresses and GFR falls below 50% of normal, serum BUN and creatinine levels can remain normal because of?
Remaining nephrons undergo structural and functional hypertrophy to compensate for those nephrons whose function has been lost.
An increase in the blood levels of nitrogenous waste resulting from renal dysfunction is called?
= azotaemia.
Tubulointerstitial disorders include?
- Acute tubular necrosis
- pyelonephritis
- drug related nephropathies.
All intact nephrons functioning at full capacity is described by the term?
= Diminished renal reserve.
Shock is likely to cause?
= acute prerenal renal failure.
Renal failure caused by decreased blood flow to the kidney is classified as?
= prerenal.
