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Nat 5 Chem > Topic 5: Metals > Flashcards

Topic 5: Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Metallic Bonding

A

Is the electrostatic force between metal ions in a lattice structure and delocalised electrons

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2
Q

How/why can metals conduct electricity?

A

Because they contain delocalised electrons

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3
Q

The stronger the metallic bonds…

A

the higher the energy to break the bonds + higher melting and boiling points

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4
Q

What is formed when metals react with oxygen?

A

Metal oxides

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5
Q

Word equation for metals and oxygen

A

Metal + Oxygen —> Metal Oxide

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6
Q

What is formed when metals react with water?

A

Metal hydroxide

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7
Q

Word equation for metals and water

A

Metal + Water —> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen gas

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8
Q

What is formed when metals react with acids?

A

Metal salt

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9
Q

When a metal reacts, what will the metal atoms form? (oxidation)

A

Metal ions

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10
Q

Oxidation

A

is a loss of electrons by a reactant in any reaction

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11
Q

Reduction

A

is a gain of electrons by a reactant in any reaction

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12
Q

How can a metal ion turn back into an atom?

A

When a metal ion in a compound gains electrons (reduction)

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13
Q

Redox reactions

A

When both oxidation and reduction is happening

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14
Q

How to figure out an ion-electron equation is oxidation or reduction?

A

ROLR (right=oxidation, left = reduction)

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15
Q

Most reactive metals (K, Na, Ca…) need to be extracted by…

A

electrolysis

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16
Q

Most reactive metals (6)

A

Potassium, sodium, calcium, lithium, magnesium, aluminium

17
Q

Quite reactive metals (5)

A

Zinc, tin, iron, nickel, lead

18
Q

Not so reactive metals

A

Gold, copper, silver, mercury,

19
Q

Why do most reactive metals need to be extracted by electrolysis?

A

Because the metals hold on to the oxygen really tightly, making it difficult to split

20
Q

Electrolysis

A

A process used to break down ionic substances by passing a direct current through the substance.

21
Q

Positive ions gain their electrons at the….

A

negative electrode

22
Q

Negative ions lose their electrons at the…

A

positive electrode

23
Q

Those in the middle of the reactivity series need to be extracted by…

A

A reducing agent (carbon or carbon monoxide…)

24
Q

Metals that aren’t very reactive can be extracted by…

A

heat alone

25
Q

Word equation for metals and acids

A

Metal + Acid —-> Metal Salt + Hydrogen gas

Nat 5 Chem (6 decks)

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