Topic 3: Organics

Question 1

Fuel

Answer 1

A chemical which burns giving out energy. Requires oxygen and heat to burn

Question 2

Combustion

Answer 2

Another word for burning

Question 3

Exothermic reaction

Answer 3

Chemical reaction when energy is released

Question 4

Endothermic reaction

Answer 4

Chemical reaction when energy is taken in

Question 5

Word equation for combustion of a hydrocarbon

Answer 5

Hydrocarbon+ oxygen—-> carbon dioxide+ water

Question 6

Crude oil

Answer 6

A mixture of chemicals called hydrocarbons

Question 7

Fractional distillation

Answer 7

Separating crude oil into useful products

Question 8

Bottom of the fractioning column

Answer 8

Hot temperature

Question 9

Top of the fractionating column

Answer 9

Cooler temperature

Question 10

Cracking

Answer 10

Breaking long hydrocarbons into smaller and useful ones. One of these will be an alkene

Question 11

Catalytic cracking

Answer 11

Long hydrocarbon gets heated with aluminium oxide and snaps

Question 12

Steam cracking

Answer 12

Long hydrocarbon gets mixed with steam and heated to high temperatures

Question 13

Alkane

Answer 13

Simplest hydrocarbon and has single bonds. They are saturated

Question 14

Alkene

Answer 14

Hydrocarbons with double bonds, unsaturated. They have single and double covalent bonds.

Question 15

Cycloalkanes

Answer 15

Hydrocarbons with a ring structure. They share the same general formula as alkanes.

Question 16

General formula for alkanes

Answer 16

Cn+ H2n+2

Question 17

General formula for alkenes

Answer 17

Cn + H2n

Question 18

Why is it impossible for cycloethane to exist?

Answer 18

Cycloalkanes must have a ring structure and cycloethane has only two carbons and therefore can not make a ring structure.