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Nat 5 Chem > Topic 4: Apps of Organics > Flashcards

Topic 4: Apps of Organics Flashcards

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1
Q

Why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes?

A

Because alkenes have a double bond

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2
Q

What happens to the double bond in an alkene when an addition reaction occurs?

A

It opens to allow other reactants to join

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3
Q

Alkene + water reaction name

A

Hydration

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4
Q

Alkene + hydrogen reaction name

A

Hydrogenation

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5
Q

Alkene + halogen reaction name

A

Halgoenation

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6
Q

Hydrogenation example

A

Ethane (alkane)

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7
Q

Hydration example

A

Hexanol (alcohol)

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8
Q

Halogenation example

A

Bromopropane (haloalkane)

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9
Q

Alcohols

A

Homologous series containing the hydroxyl group

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10
Q

General formula for alcohols

A

CnH2n + 1 OH

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11
Q

Functional group in alcohols

A

Hydroxyl group (OH)

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12
Q

Why are alcohols used in fuels?

A

Because they are highly flammable

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13
Q

Alcohols are often used in…

A

Solvents

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14
Q

Heat energy equation

A

Eh = cm(delta)T

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15
Q

100cm3 =

A

0.1kg

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16
Q

Carboxylic acids

A

Another homologous series that contains the carboxyl group

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17
Q

What functional group does carboxylic acids contain?

A

Carboxyl functional group (COOH)

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18
Q

General formula for carboxylic acid

A

CnH2n + 1 COOH

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19
Q

What are plastics?

A

Examples of polymers

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20
Q

Synthetic meaning

A

Made by something

21
Q

What are most plastics made from?

A

Crude oil chemicals

22
Q

Why is burning plastics a bad thing?

A

It releases dangerous chemicals

23
Q

Where does the name of a polymer come from?

A

The monomer inside it

24
Q

Monomer

A

Small unsaturated molecule

25
Q

Repeating unit

A

The section of a polymer that repeats

26
Q

Polymer

A

Lots of monomers joined together

27
Q

Polymersation

A

When monomers join together to form a polymer

28
Q

Addition polymersation

A

Involves one monomer joining together

29
Q

Condensation polymerisation

A

Generally involves two or more different monomers joining together

30
Q

Most common natural polymers

A

Starch and proteins

31
Q

Biodegradable meaning

A

An object that can decompose

32
Q

Are plastics biodegradable?

A

No, this can cause enviromental problems

33
Q

Miscible meaning

A

Can dissolve

34
Q

As the size of an alcohol increase, the solubility…

A

Decreases

35
Q

Combustion

A

The burning in the presence of oxygen to release heat energy

36
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

Releasing heat energy

37
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Taking in heat energy

38
Q

What does complete combustion produce?

A

Carbon dioxide + water

39
Q

What does incomplete combustion produce

A

Carbon monoxide + water

40
Q

Is ethanol soluble?

A

Yes, it is soluble

41
Q

Ethanol pH

A

pH 7 (neutral)

42
Q

Is ethanol a conductor?

A

No

43
Q

The larger an alcohol gets, the lower the…

A

Miscibility

44
Q

The larger the size of an alcohol, the higher the…

A

Melting and boiling points

45
Q

Is ethanoic acid soluble?

A

1st four (yes)

46
Q

Is ethanoic acid a solvent?

A

Yes, it is

47
Q

Ethanoic acid pH

A

Less than 7

48
Q

Is ethanoic acid a conductor?

A

No, it is not

49
Q

What is vinegar a solution of?

A

Ethanoic acid

Nat 5 Chem (6 decks)

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