topic 5-health and disease Flashcards
what’s is the definition of health
a state of complete physical mental and social wellbeing and the absence of disease”
define communicable disease
diseases that can spread between individuals
define non communicable disease
cabt be transmitted between individuals
name the 4 pathogens
viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists
how do viruses work
they have to infect living cells (host cells) in order to reproduce
what’s is the lytic pathway
the destruction of the infected cell and membrane
what is the lysogenic pathway
is where ONLY the DNA is replicated not translated into proteins
what are sti’s
sexually transmitted disease
what is chlamydia
a kind of bacterium, it can only reproduce inside host cells
what is HIV
it kills while blood cells which are important in the immune response
how do you stop the spread of HIV
condoms and not sharing needles
how is HIV spread
bodily fluids
how do condoms work
they act as a barrier to block the bodily fluids from meeting
how does HIV lead to aids
the persons immune system deteriorates, because of this the person becomes very vulnerable
name a physical barrier in plants
waxy cuticle which is a barrier to stop pests entering and damaging them
name a chemical barrier for a plant
aspirin which kills the fungal pathogens and bacteria
name a symptom of disease in plants
yellow leaves which is from nutrient deficiency
name physical barriers for a human
the skin, hairs and mucus
name chemical barriers for a human
stomach acid, lysozymes in the eyes
what do B-lymphocytes do
they recognise the antigen on the pathogen and produce antibodies
what is a memory lymphocyte
they remain in the body for a long time and remember a specific antigen
what is immunisation
is injecting dead or inactive pathogens into the body which trigger memory lymphocytes
pros of immunisation
prevent a large percent of ppl become immune causes herd immunity
cons to immunisation
you can have bad reactions to the vaccine and isn’t always effective
