topic 5 -> diseases Flashcards
1
Q
symbiosis
A
living together
2
Q
commensalism
A
one benefits, one unaffected
3
Q
mutualism
A
both benefit
4
Q
parasitism
A
one benefits, one suffers
5
Q
opportunism
A
- harmless until opportunity arises then becomes parasitic
6
Q
synergy
A
(+) = one organism HELPS another cause disease (-) = one PREVENTS other from causing disease
7
Q
what affects immunocompetence
A
- age (peak at puberty)
- genetics/ethnicity
- general health
8
Q
direct transmission
- def.
- ex,
- type of bacteria
A
- straight from one person to another
- ex, contact, respiratory droplets, kissing, bites, fecal matter*
- enveloped viruses, capsule forming bacteria
9
Q
indirect transmission types
A
- vehicles -> contaminated food, water, air
- fomites -> inanimate objects
- vectors -> living organisms (not diseased)
- zoonoses -> disease of animals (animals not vectors since their diseased)
10
Q
reservoirs
A
holds pathogen between infection
- ex, vectors, fomites, sometimes vehicles
11
Q
stages of disease
A
- incubation (no symptoms - adjustment period)
- prodromal (first vague symptoms - fever, malaise (lack of energy or appetitive), fatigue, anorexia, etc)
- acute or “illness” (recognizable, sever symptoms - vomiting or rash)
- decline (recognizable symptoms (still there) become less severe or frequent
- convalescence (recognizable symptoms gone, damage still present, strength/stamina diminished, vague symptoms again)
12
Q
acute disease
A
- rapid onset (short incubation & prodromal)
- severe symptoms & rapid recovery
- crisis point -> peak
- ex, stomach flu
13
Q
chronic disease
A
- delayed onset
- less severe
- no crisis point
- prolonged recovery
14
Q
primary disease
A
occurs in healthy individuals
15
Q
secondary disease
A
- follows another disease due to immunocompromised host
- ex, pneumonia from flu
