Topic 5 - Cultural Impact on Infant Feeding Practices Flashcards
Why is breastfeeding important?
- Breastfeeding is associated with a lower incidence of infant __________ and __________ disease, particularly in less developed countries.
- It has the optimal nutrients for growth and development.
lower incidence of infant diarrhea and respiratory disease.
_________ breast milk – no food or liquid other than breast milk, not even _____, is given to the infant from birth by the mother, health care provider, or family member/supporter.
Exclusive breast milk- not even water
• World Health Organization: all infants should be exclusively breastfed from birth to ____ months of age followed by continued breastfeeding and the ______ ___________ of solids.
• Breastfeeding should be initiatedsoon after birth to ensure:
–baby receives the first milk called ________ –success of breastfeeding
six months, gradual introduction of solids
colostrum
Canada - Percentage of mothers who initiated breastfeeding, 1965 to 2003
1965 – 25% initiate BF
1980s - 62% initiate BF
1990s - 75% initiate BF 2003 – 85% initiate BF
BF initiation has risen over the number of years
Canada and USA
–Lower SE brackets have _____ initiation and duration rates
–EXCEPT in ____ _________ – their rates of initiation and duration are higher
–___________ = declining rates
Lower SE brackets = lower initiation, lower duration rates
EXCEPT in new immigrants
acculturation = lower rates
- 37% EBF to 4 months
- 17% EBF to 6 months
(exclusive breast feeding)
- Alberta 22% EBF to at least 6 months
* BC 28% EBF to at least 6 months
Breastfeeding. It’s your right!
• Your right to breastfeed anywhere, anytime is protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
• Each province and territory has a Human Rights Code protecting women from discrimination on the basis of sex.
Breastfeeding is a human right in Canada
- Employees who breastfeed or express/pump breast milk should be provided with ______________.
- Providing a suitable clean place to breast- feed or express milk and to store milk.
- Providing longer or extra breaks for the purpose of breast-feeding or expressing milk.
provided with accommodation
- Allowing for the extension of maternity leave.
- Allowing for alternative work arrangements.
Factors Effecting Infant Feeding Decisions
What and how women base their infant feeding decisions on is based on factors other than (in addition to?) clinical guidelines and science:
– Family/work/educational demands
– ________ beliefs and traditions
– Personal beliefs
– Level of _______ (real or perceived)
– Family/work/educational demands
– Cultural beliefs and traditions
– Personal beliefs
– support (real or perceived)
Examples: Cultural/ Societal Influences
a. Religion as a __________
“…Mothers should give suck to their children for two whole years, for those parents who desire to complete the term.”
(Verse 2:233, Q’uran)
• Inability to adhere: 40 days post-delivery rest, adopting a “wet nurse”
Religion as a Motivation
b. Culture
- ________ influence: Prelacteal feedings
- No role models within?
Often negative influence
c. Society
- Potential negative attitudes toward breastfeeding?
- Unsupportive, discouraging Western society
Societal norms
Macrosystem (Culture/society/religeon)
Exosystem (Norms of community, workplace, public)
Mesosystem (Health care systems, policy and professionals)
Microsystem (Family, friends, social networks, peers)
Mother-infant dyad (Problems, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs)
Macrosystem (Culture/society/religeon)
Exosystem (Norms of community, workplace, public)
Mesosystem (Health care systems, policy and professionals)
Microsystem (Family, friends, social networks, peers)
Mother-infant dyad (Problems, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs)
No cultural support for traditional maternal postnatal practice
Beliefs about maternal and breastfeeding health not supported
leads to an increase in ______ _______
Increase in formula feeding
Example – Hot/cold feeding tradition
• Without family support and supply of __________ _____ ______ healing foods mothers will be concerned for their own health
- Breastfeeding uses up hot energy
- Milk will be unhealthy for baby
traditional post natal healing foods mothers
Breastfeeding and taste acceptance
- Mother’s milk reflects the food culture into which a baby is born.
- The taste and aroma of breast milk is influenced by the taste and aroma of food consumed by the mother.
- Taste experience is a factor in developing the food habits of a culture.
- Mother’s milk reflects the food culture into which a baby is born.
- The taste and aroma of breast milk is influenced by the taste and aroma of food consumed by the mother.
- Taste experience is a factor in developing the food habits of a culture.