Topic 4b: part 2

Question 1

Firmicutes

Answer 1

low G+C content
g pos
class clostridia and bacilli
-both form endospores
-met inert
-resist to rad, uv, heat, starvation

Question 2

what diseases can clostidia cause

Answer 2

tetnus (exotoxin released into env which affects neurotransmission and get paralysis)

gangrin (clost perfringens) (infects wounds)

botchilism (affects canned good; interferes w muscles t/f used as botox)

Question 3

class bacilli (firm)

Answer 3

forms endospores and salt crystals
-can last long time in dormant state

Question 4

bacillales (bacilli, firm)

Answer 4

have genera listeria (can cause food borne illness, usu epithelial cells of gut, can grow in bw tightly assoc’d cells and evade IS)
-fac anaer, catalase pos, motile flagella

also have staphylococcus
-non spore forming
-fac aner, non motile
-cat pos, ox neg

Question 5

order lactobacillales (from class bac, phyl firm)

Answer 5

lact acid = major ferm prod
cat pos
natural flora

Question 6

enterococcaceae and streptococcaceae families

Answer 6

many cause diseases
chemhet
mesophilic
non spore forming
do not prod gas

Question 7

actinobacteria

Answer 7

high G+C content
g pos
aerobic
like fungi
source of most antibiotics

Question 8

suborder corynebacterineae (actin)

Answer 8

cell wall contains meso-DAP
have diptheria toxin (airborne; exotoxin; affects translation)
use tellurite agar to see

can have genera mycobacterium that have added layer (acid fast) t/f have more lipid content in cell walls

Question 9

Tuberculosis

Answer 9

-caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
-bact phagocytosed by macrophages, escaping IS (waxy glycolic layer protects them from macrophages)
-CM has unique lipids toxic to euk cells and form hydrophobic barrier

primary infection (inhale it and IS forms tubercles which are masses of cells to stop infection from spreading)
secondary - granulomas (destroy lung tissue)

Question 10

what is scrofula

Answer 10

kings evil
relative of TB but infects lymph nodes

Question 11

how to ID TB (3 ways)

Answer 11

mantoux skin test

acid fast bact smear (fuschin, phenol, boil then do wash and counterstain//must treat w heat and phenol); slow

MGIT (faster bc use flu)

Question 12

who is alan hart

Answer 12

use xray to diagnose TB
forst Trans doc

Question 13

Tb and res schools

Answer 13

1/2 deaths from tb bc malnourished, not cared for and living in close quaters

Dr bryce discovered this but gov did nothing

Question 14

Suborder streptomycineae (actin)

Answer 14

making antibiotics
aerobes
imp soil microbes

Question 15

order bifidobacteriales (actin)

Answer 15

non motile, non spore forming, anaerobic
no gas prod
prod acetic and lactic acid

probiotic
plays role in gut and is pioneer colonizer (in gut of infant)

Question 16

Tenericutes (phylum)

Answer 16

low GC
g pos
have small genomes and simple met pathways

Question 17

what are mollicutes

Answer 17

lack ability to make peptid layer
only have PM
no tca, cant synth macromols t/f rely on host
usu extracellular pathogens