Topic 4 - The Nervous System

Question 1

a division of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord - integrating center

Answer 1

central nervous system (CNS)

Question 2

a division of the nervous system consisting of everything outside the CNS - carries information to CNS and carries instructions from CNS to effectors

Answer 2

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 3

muscles and glands? *need a more thorough definition

Answer 3

effectors

Question 4

a class of cells in the brain and spinal cord that support and protect neurons

Answer 4

neuroglia

Question 5

the part of the neuron that contains organelles

Answer 5

cell body

Question 6

a tiny cellular structure that performs specific functions within a cell

Answer 6

organelle

Question 7

an extension of the neuron that carries signals AWAY from its cell body towards another neuron or effector

Answer 7

axon

Question 8

an extension of the neuron that carries signals TOWARDS its cell body from another neuron

Answer 8

dendrite

Question 9

a bundle of axons in the PNS

Answer 9

nerve

Question 10

a bundle of nerve fibres in the CNS

Answer 10

tract

Question 11

a white, fatty material that insulates axons

Answer 11

myelin

Question 12

the site of communication between two neurons

Answer 12

synapse

Question 13

the chemical molecule that moves from one neuron to the next at the
synapse

Answer 13

neurotransmitter

Question 14

gap between 2 neurons that the neurotransmitters have to cross.

Answer 14

synaptic cleft

Question 15

has two hemispheres (rounded halves), has 4 lobes *need definition

Answer 15

cerebrum

Question 16

lobe where conscious movement of skeletal muscles, thinking takes place

Answer 16

frontal lobe

Question 17

lobe where touch analysis takes place

Answer 17

parietal lobe

Question 18

lobe where auditory (hearing) analysis and smell analysis takes place

Answer 18

temporal lobe

Question 19

lobe where visual analysis takes place

Answer 19

occipital lobe

Question 20

a sudden neurological affliction usually related to the impaired cerebral blood supply

Answer 20

stroke

Question 21

the connective tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 21

meninges

Question 22

12 pairs of nerves that connect to the brain

Answer 22

cranial nerves

Question 23

the 62 nerves of the PNS carry information to and from the spinal cord.

Answer 23

spinal nerves

Question 24

nerve carries both incoming and outgoing signals (to and from the CNS)

Answer 24

mixed nerve

Question 25

One of the three main divisions of the PNS, that controls the skeletal muscles

Answer 25

somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 26

One of the three main divisions of the PNS, that controls the blood vessels, heart, smooth muscles, viscera, and glands

Answer 26

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Question 27

One of the three main divisions of the PNS, that controls digestion and can function independently of ANS & CNS

Answer 27

enteric nervous system (ENS)

Question 28

One of the two divisions of the ANS (autonomic nervous system), known as “fight or flight”, INCREASES heart rate

Answer 28

sympathetic nervous system

Question 29

One of the two divisions of the ANS (autonomic nervous system), known as “rest & digest”, DECREASES heart rate

Answer 29

parasympathetic nervous system