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Intro To Anatomy & Physiology > Topic 2 - The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Topic 2 - The Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Aka collar bone

A

Clavicle

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2
Q

Aka shoulder blade

A

Scapula

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3
Q

Aka upper arm bone

A

Humerus

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4
Q

One of the two bones in the forearm - on the pinky side.

A

Ulna

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5
Q

One of the two bones in the forearm - on the thumb side

A

Radius

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6
Q

The group of bones that make up the wrist

A

Carpals

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7
Q

of carpal bones in the wrist

A

8

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8
Q

The bones of the palm

A

Metacarpals

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9
Q

of bones in the palm (metacarpals)

A

5

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10
Q

The bones of the digits

A

Phalanges

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11
Q

of phalange bones in the hand

A

14

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12
Q

This passage allows the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve into the hand

A

Tunnel of Guyon

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13
Q

Connects bone to bone

A

Ligament(s)

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14
Q

A set of signs and symptoms that appear together and characterize a disease or medical condition

A

Syndrome

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15
Q

A medical condition due to compression of the median nerve, as it travels through the wrist

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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16
Q

The nerve that travels through the carpal tunnel

A

Median nerve

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17
Q

A tingling sensation caused by the compression of a nerve.

Aka “pins and needles”

Greek for “alongside/beside” + “feeling/sensation”

A

Paresthesia

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18
Q

To waste away. Specifically, muscles.

A

Atrophy

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19
Q

A series of bones held together to give support for the spinal cord and the nerves arising from it

A

Vertebra(e)

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20
Q

The most anterior segment of a vertebra

A

Body (of a vertebra)

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21
Q

A bony projection at the back of each vertebra

A

Spinous process (SP)

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22
Q

of articulating vertebrae

A

24

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23
Q

The vertebrae in the neck

“Narrowing of the body”

A

Cervical

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24
Q

of vertebrae in the neck (cervical spine)

A

7

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25
Q

The name for the C1 vertebra

A

Atlas

26
Q

The name for the C2 vertebra

A

Axis

27
Q

The vertebrae in the chest region (section of the spine)

A

Thoracic

28
Q

of thoracic vertebrae

A

12

29
Q

The vertebrae in the lower back

A

Lumbar

30
Q

of lumbar vertebrae

A

5 (sometimes 4)

31
Q

A large triangular bone at the base of the spinal column, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones

A

Sacrum

32
Q

Aka the tailbone

Connects to the bottom of the sacrum

A

Coccyx

33
Q

A hard vascular connective tissue consisting of cells embedded in a mineralized matrix

Aka bone tissue

A

Osseous

34
Q

A bone-forming cell

A

OsteoBlast

35
Q

A bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted

A

Osteocyte

36
Q

Any cell that ingests foreign particles, bacteria or cell debris

Coming from the Greek words
“To eat” + “cell”

A

Phagocyte

37
Q

A type of phagocyte that removed osseous tissue to remodel bones, and to release calcium needed by the nervous system and muscle

A

OsteoClast

38
Q

Dense bone that forms the external layer of all bone; provides protection and support

A

Compact bone

39
Q

Bone in which the trabeculae form a 3D latticework, with the spaces filled with bone marrow.

A

Trabecular bone/ spongy bone

40
Q

Rod-like bits of bone that form a 3D latticework, with the spaces filled with bone marrow

A

Trabecula(e)

41
Q

The area in which two bones come together

Aka joint

A

Articulation

42
Q

The hip joint is an articulation between [fill in the blank] of the femur and the acetabulum

A

Head [of a bone]

43
Q

The thigh bone

A

Femur

44
Q

The hip bone’s cup-shaped socket

Latin for “vinegar cup”

A

Acetabulum

45
Q

The property of a fluid that resists the force, tending to cause the fluid to flow and reduce friction

A

Viscosity/ viscous (adjective)

46
Q

The cartilage covering the ____ surfaces of the bones

A

Articular

47
Q

A viscous fluid that lubricates the articular surfaces of a joint

A

Synovial fluid

48
Q

A joint in which a viscous fluid is produced

A

Synovial joint

49
Q

Inflammation of a bursa

A

Bursitis

50
Q

A suffix that means inflammation

A

-itis

51
Q

A closed sac or envelope lined with a synovial membrane and containing fluid. It is usually found or formed in areas subject to friction.

Greek for purse/bag

A

Bursa

52
Q

A connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

A

Tendon

53
Q

Disorder characterized by erosion of articular cartilage, either primary or secondary to trauma or other conditions.

Aka wear & tear

A

Osteoarthritis

54
Q

A prefix that means joint

A

Arth-

55
Q

Disorder in which the bones become increasingly porous, brittle and subject to fracture, owing to loss of calcium and other mineral components

A

Osteoporosis

56
Q

Symptoms: sudden, severe back pain, worsening of pain when standing or walking, difficulty and pain when bending or twisting, and loss of height.

A

Compression fracture

57
Q

Excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back

A

Kyphosis

58
Q

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

A

Scoliosis

59
Q

A chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and progressive deformity of the joints

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

60
Q

A system of structures and process within an organism that protects against disease. If functioning properly, it detects a wide variety of agents and distinguishes them from the organism’s own healthy tissue.

A

Immune system

61
Q

An abnormal tissue

A

Pannus

62
Q

A stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint, which may be the result of injury or disease in

A

Ankylosis

Intro To Anatomy & Physiology (7 decks)

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