Topic 4: Social Interaction Flashcards
What are the 3 types of interaction?
- Cognitive
- Social
- Emotional
all of them influence the UX
What is social interaction? And how is technology supporting this interaction type?
All activities of socializing like living, working or playing together, or talking to each other.
Social technologies enable us to persist in being social when being apart (time/location) or encourage us to social interactions
What are the conversational rules by Sacks (1978)?
1: current speaker chooses who speaks next (asking a question, inviting an opinion, or making a request)
2: another person decides to start speaking
3: current speaker continuous talking
(they normally happen in the presented order)
War are common conversational rules?
- start with a mutual greeting
- turn-taking used to coordinate conversation (Question & Answer (can be also stated as a new question) e.g. A: shall we meet at 8? B: is a bit later okay?
- back channeling to signal to continue and that you are following (e.g. uhh, umm, ahh)
- farewell rituals (implicit or explicit cues)
How can a conversation be closed?
Through implicit (looking at watch) or explicit (verbal signaling that you need to go) clues.
What is a breakdown in conversation? how is normally reacted to breakdown?
A breakdown describes a misunderstanding/misinterpretation.
To overcome misunderstandings, repair mechanisms are used e.g. to repeat, clarify.
How do online conversations differ from F2F regarding rules/etiquette?
many rules are F2F rules are not applied & the applicability is highly dependent on the used medium (Email, WhatsApp, Skype, Gaming chat)
What does technology mainly tries to overcome regarding social interaction?
Physical distance and distance in time
Examples from the past:
- videophone from 1960s –> too inconvenient
- VideoWindow system (1989) (used for video conferencing) –> people got distracted by new technology and used to talk too much about
What is telepresence?
Telepresence refers to one party being present with another party who is present in a physical space.
Goal: overcome distance
Common technologies: Zoom, FaceTime, Skype (telepresence can be improved through better resolutions of audio or video)
Lecture Example: Beam+ (robot to attend conferences)
What are the levels describes in the media richness theory?
1 - text only
2 - audio
3 - video
4 - audio & video
5 - F2F
What is social presence?
Social presence refers to the feeling of being there with a real person when in virtual reality or online.
Goal: achieve realism
What is co-presence? And what technologies do you know that support co-presence?
Supporting people in their activities when interacting in the physical space and virtual space
(enable groups to work, learn and socialize together - collaborate)
Technologies: whiteboard or public displays
What are coordination mechanisms and why are they used?
Mechanisms:
- verbal or non-verbal communication
- schedules, rules, and conventions
- shared external representations
when a group of people act or interact together, they need to coordinate themselves
What are awareness mechanisms?
General: knowing who is around, what is happening and who is talking
Peripheral awareness: ability to maintain and constantly update a sense of what is going on in the physical and social context (keeping an eye on what is happening in the periphery of their vision - e.g. noticing a persons mood when being in a discussion)
Situational awareness: being aware of what is happening around you to understand how information and your actions will affect ongoing and future events
What try sharable interface to offer?
capitalize existing forms of coordination and awareness mechanisms (support more equitable participation, more natural to work around)
enables a group to collaborate while interacting
Lecture example:
- The Reflect Table (displays how much individuals spoke in a conversation)
- Socco floor plan (displays a virtual office - who is where and is meeting with whom)
