Topic 2: Conceptualizing Interaction Flashcards
What is an assumption?
Taking something for granted when it needs further investigation.
Example: Assuming that customers want to watch TV while driving.
What is a claim?
A claim means, to stated something as true when it is still open to question.
Example: Driving while watching TV is perfectly safe!
What are the three benefist of conceptualizing the design space?
- Orientation: Enables design teams to ask specific questions about how the conceptual model will be understood
- Open-minded: Prevent design teams from becoming narrowly focused earyl on
- Common ground: Allows design teams to establish a set of commonly agreed terms
What is a conceptual model?
In a nutshell, a conceptual model provides a working startegy and a framework of general concepts and their interrelations.
Lecture: A simplified replica of the world:
“a high-level description of how a system is organized and Operated” (Johnson and Henderson, 2002)
It can also be seen as an abstract description outlining what people can do with a product and what concepts at this level is that it enables.
The new devloped personal computer came with the conceptual model that inclueded the familiar knowledge of an office. (Papers, Folders, filling cabinets ect.)
What are core components of a conceptual model?
1.) Metaphors and Analogies - converying what a product is used for and how it is used for an activity
2.) Interaction - The concepts to which people are exposed through the product- such as task domain, objects they can manipulate, their attributes and operations that can be performed
3.) Relationship between the concepts - for instance when two objects constrain each other
4.) The mapping between the concepts and the user experience - revisiting of pages by looking through a list ect.
What makes a conceptual model succsessful?
The best conceptual models are often those that appear obvious and simple, therefore the operation they support are intuitive to use.
What are interface metaphors?
Interface metaphors are intended to provide familiar entities that enable people readily to understand the underlying conceptual model and know what to do at the interface.
Metaphors are commonly used to explain something that is unfamiliar or hard to grasp by way of comparison with something that is familiar and easy to grasp.
Name the five core interaction types?
Instructing - Issuing commands and selecting options
Conversing - Interacting with a system as if having a conversation.
Manipulation -
Interacting with objects in a virtual or physical space by manipulating them
Exploring- Moving through a virtual environment or a physical space
Responding- The system initiates the interaction, and the user chooses whether to respond.
What are the benefits of interface metaphors?
1.) Make learing a new system easier
2.) Helps users understad the underlying conceptual models
3.) Can be very innovative and enable the realm of computers and their applications to be mande more accessible to grater diversity of users
What could be possible downsides of the conversing interaction type?
Misunderstandings can arise when the system does not knwo how ut parse what the user says
What are the benefits of the direct manipulation interaction type?
1.) Novice can learn the basic functions quickly
2.) Error messages are rarely needed
User can get fast feedback
3.) User experience less anxiety
4.) User gain confident and mastery and feel in control
What are the disadvantages of direct manipulation interaction type?
1.) People can take the metaphor too literally!
2.) Not all taks can be described by objects or direct manipulation
3.) Moving a mouse or touchpad can be slower than pressing function keys to do the same action
For what type of interaction is direct manipulation most suitable?
Direct manipulation is good for doingtypes of tasks, for example designing, drawing, flying, driving or sizing windwos.
For what type of interaction is issuing instructions most suitable?
Good, for repetitive taks, like spell checking or file management
What is the difference between interaction type and interface style?
Interaction Type: A description of what the user is doing when interacting with a system, for example, instructing, talking, browsing, or responding
—> Focus: action
Interface Style: The kind of interface used to support the interaction, for instance, command, menu-based gesture, or voice
—> Focus: Interface to support action
