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LABORATORY MANAGEMENT > TOPIC 4: Communication > Flashcards

TOPIC 4: Communication Flashcards

1
Q

is the actionable transfer of information from one person, group, or place to another by writing, speaking, or using a medium that provides a means of understanding (Ntara & Evans, 2023).

A

Communication

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2
Q

-Require channels predefined by the organizations generally establish a well-defined hierarchical chain.
-An organization establishes a formal communication channel to transmit messages related to the professional activities of members.

Examples: Reports, Internal email requests, Legal & commercial notices, newsletters or publications.

A

Formal Channels

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3
Q

-Follow a free flow without predefined communication routes.
-It is created spontaneously as a response to individual choices.

Examples: Social posts, group chat platforms, phone calls, instant messages.

A

Informal Channels

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4
Q

Five Directions of Communication Channels
Implies the transmission of information from higher levels to lower levels within a company.
It is a popular direction of formal organizations in which a one-directional hierarchical chain is visible.

A

Downward Communication Channel

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5
Q

Five Directions of Communication Channels
-Flows from lower levels to higher levels in the organization.
Ideal for establishing friendly and participative workplaces.
-Encourages employees to perform feedback procedures, provide suggestions, or voice complaints towards their seniors at work.

A

Upward Communication Channel

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6
Q

Five Directions of Communication Channels
-Information exchange across teams or departments at the same level within a company’s hierarchy.
-One of the fastest and easiest informal communication channels.

A

Lateral Communication Channel

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7
Q

Five Directions of Communication Channels
-Refers to complicated hierarchical groups within companies’ formal communication channels.
-Specifically, the all-channel group activates direct communication between every member and every level.

A

Formal Small Group Network

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8
Q

Five Directions of Communication Channels
-Informal communication networks are often referred to as ‘the grapevine.’
-Characterized by informal conversations between employees subjected to no prescribed structure, regulations, or system.
-Given its casual and simple nature, it can spread quickly and touch individuals on a large scale across an organization.

A

The Grapevine Channel

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9
Q

Types of Communication
Occurs when we engage in speaking with others.
Most direct form.
It’s immediate, allows for quick feedback, and relies on language skills to convey meaning effectively.

A

Verbal Communication

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10
Q

Types of Communication
-The subtle cues we give off without saying a word.
-Convey more than words alone.
-Complement or contradict what’s being said verbally.

Example:
Body language: Gestures, posture, facial expressions, and eye contact.
Paralanguage: Tone of voice, pitch, volume, and pace of speech.
Proxemics: Use of space and distance.
Haptics: Use of touch.

A

Non-verbal Communication

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11
Q

Types of Communication
Involves the use of visual aids, the practice of using visual elements to get a message across.

A

Visual Communication

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12
Q

Under Visual COmmunication: Crafting a message that educates, motivates, and engages the viewer.

A

Communication Design

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13
Q

Under Visual Communication: Uses design principles, clear and eye-catching.

A

Graphic Design

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14
Q

-Any interaction that makes use of the written word.
-Great for clarity and leaving a trail, but it lacks the nuances of non-verbal signals.

A

Written Communication

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15
Q

Types of Communication
-Using digital technologies to communicate.
-Has become a significant method.
-Combines elements of verbal, non-verbal, written, and visual communication, creating a multifaceted approach.

A

Digital Communication

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16
Q

Types of Communication
-Actively receiving and understanding the messages.
-Not just about hearing the words but also about comprehending the full message—including tone, emotion, and non-verbal cues.

A

Listening Communication

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17
Q

Methods of Communication
Direct, personal interaction.

A

Face-to-Face

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18
Q

Methods of Communication
Verbal interaction without visual cues.

A

Phone Calls

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19
Q

Methods of Communication
Written, asynchronous communication.

A

Emails/Text Messages

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20
Q

Methods of Communication
Combines visual and verbal elements.

A

Video Conferencing

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21
Q

Methods of Communication
Short, often informal written and visual communication.

A

Social Media

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22
Q

Defined as aspects or conditions that interfere with the effective exchange of ideas or thoughts.

A

Barriers to Communication

23
Q

Types of Barriers: Tangible items that may interfere with communication efforts.

A

Physical Barriers

24
Q

Types of Barriers: Mental health issues or stresses that impact clarity and receptiveness.

A

Psychological Barriers

25
Q

Types of Barriers: The effectiveness of communication gets affected between people due to differences in cultural backgrounds.

A

Cultural Barriers

26
Q

Three Issues about Cross-Cultural Communication: One word may mean
two different
things in two different cultures.

A

WORD CONNOTATION

27
Q

Three Issues about Cross-Cultural Communication: The meaning might
slightly differ
or it might be viewed from a different light.

A

SEMANTICS

28
Q

3 Issues about Cross-Cultural Communication: Some cultures adopt a formal way of addressing people and other cultures use an informal tone of language.

A

TONE DIFFERENCES

29
Q

Types of Barriers: Variety of factors like differences in educational background, level of literacy, and country or area of the language user.

A

Language Barriers

30
Q

Types of Language Barriers: Communication between people of different countries.

A

Foreign Language

31
Q

Types of Language Barriers: ______ are regional variants of a language. _____ is a version of the language that arises.

A

Dialects, Pidgin

32
Q

Types of Language Barriers: Peculiar ways of pronouncing words of a language.

A

Accents

33
Q

Types of Language Barriers: ___ is language or words that are specific to a particular profession. ____ refers to those words or expressions that are peculiar to a group of persons.

A

Jargon and Slang

34
Q

Types of Language Barriers: Choice of words made by a speaker is a result of his/her knowledge and mastery of the language.

A

Word Choice

35
Q

Types of Language Barriers: ____enables individuals to comprehend both written and spoken language._____ enhances precision and clarity in communication.

A

Literacy and Vocabulary

36
Q

Types of Language Barriers: Grammatical errors while speaking or writing distort the message.

A

Grammar and Spelling

37
Q

Types of Barriers: When a sender or the receiver of the communication is not in a position to express or receive the message with clarity due to some physiological issues.

A

Physiological Barriers

38
Q

Types of Barriers: Barriers that are caused due to the structure, rules, and regulations present in the organization.

A

Organizational Barriers

39
Q

an active process by which we make sense of, assess, and respond to what we hear. It is different from hearing, which is simply the passive reception of sound.

A

Listening

40
Q

Types of Listening: Fully concentrating, understanding, responding, and remembering what is being said.

A

Active Listening

41
Q

Types of Listening: Hearing sounds but not engaging or processing the information deeply.

A

Passive Listening

42
Q

Types of Listening: Mirroring what the speaker says to confirm understanding.

A

Reflective Listening

43
Q

Components of Active Listening: Focusing on the speaker without distractions.

A

Attention

44
Q

Components of Active Listening: Grasping the meaning and context of the message.

A

Understanding

45
Q

Components of Active Listening: Retaining key information for later recall.

A

Remembering

46
Q

Components of Active Listening: Assessing the message for accuracy, relevance, and importance.

A

Evaluating

47
Q

Components of Active Listening: Providing feedback to indicate understanding or to continue the conversation.

A

Responding

48
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: To be clear, try to minimize the number of ideas in each sentence.

A

Clear

49
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: Stick to the point and keep it brief.

A

Concise

50
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: There are details (but not too many!) and vivid facts, and there’s laser-like focus.

A

Concrete

51
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: Correct communication is also error-free communication.

A

Correct

52
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: All points are connected and relevant to the main topic, and the tone and flow of the text is consistent.

A

Coherent

53
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: The audience has everything they need to be informed and, if applicable, take action.

A

Complete

54
Q

The 7 C’s of Effective Communication: Courteous communication is friendly, open, and honest. There are no hidden insults or passive-aggressive tones.

A

Courteous

LABORATORY MANAGEMENT (7 decks)

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