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Science > Topic 4 - Body Coordination And Disease > Flashcards

Topic 4 - Body Coordination And Disease Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Metabolism

A

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life

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2
Q

Catabolic reaction

A

Reactions that break down matter e.g. Cellular respiration

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3
Q

Anabolic reaction

A

Reactions that build complex molecules from simple substances e.g. The making of new cells

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4
Q

Diffusion

A

The movement of particles in a substance from an area of high concentrations to an area of low concentrations

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5
Q

Diffusion can occur in where?

A

Lipids and gases

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6
Q

Function of digestive system

A

The chemically change the complex molecules into simple molecules your body can use

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7
Q

Function of circulatory system

A

It carries material to and from every single cell in your body

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8
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Involuntary muscle, meaning it works without you having to think about it

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9
Q

SA node

A

Stimulates both atria to contract simultaneously

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10
Q

AV node

A

Stimulates both ventricles to contract

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11
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

An image showing the heart beat

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12
Q

Organelle

A

Smaller structures found in cells

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13
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Consists of the brain and spinal cord, and receives information from your body, processes it and tells your body how to respond

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14
Q

Cerebellum

A

The part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance

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15
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (csf)

A

A fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord which provides nutrients to neutrons and acts as a shock absorber

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16
Q

Cerebrum

A

Part of the brain responsible for your conscious thoughts and movements of every body part

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17
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Glands that produce hormones

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18
Q

Mitochondria

A

Organelle where cellular respiration occurs

19
Q

Motor neuron

A

Nerve cells that carry messages from the CNS to effectors

20
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell

21
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

A chemical message released at the end of an axon to be received by the next neurone dendrites

22
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

The nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system and other parts of the body

23
Q

Reflex arc

A

The nerve pathway operating in a reflex action

24
Q

Ribosomes

A

The structure where proteins are made

25
Q

Iyososomes

A

They digest dying cells and damaged organelles

26
Q

Synapse

A

The space between two neurons

27
Q

Endocrine system

A

Controls many parts of the internal environment of the body

28
Q

Antibiotic

A

A substance that kills bacteria or prevents its growth

29
Q

Antibody

A

A chemical made by the immune system that makes it easier for white blood cells to destroy pathogens

30
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic, single-celled organisms

31
Q

Contagious

A

Diseases that are spread easily by close contact with other people

32
Q

Disease

A

Anything that cause your body to stop working properly

33
Q

Immune system

A

The system in your body that fights infections

34
Q

Infectious disease

A

A disease caused by a microorganism

35
Q

Insulin

A

The hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood

36
Q

Lymphocyte

A

A white blood cell that makes antibodies

37
Q

Histamine

A

A chemical made by cells in response to injury

38
Q

Neutrophil

A

A white blood cell that consumes pathogens

39
Q

Macrophage

A

Same as neutrophil, white blood cell that consumes pathogens

40
Q

Nutrients

A

Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals and vitamins

41
Q

Pathogen

A

An organism that causes disease

42
Q

Pathogenic bacteria

A

Bacteria that causes disease

43
Q

Quarantine

A

Isolation to prevent the spread of a disease

44
Q

Virus

A

A pathogen around 100 times smaller than a bacterium

Science (6 decks)

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