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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Alkali

A

A base that dissolves in water

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2
Q

Alkaline solution

A

A solution made of a base/alkali and water

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3
Q

Allotrope

A

Different forms of the same element

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4
Q

Base

A

A substance that releases hydroxide ions

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5
Q

Acid

A

A substance that releases hydrogen ions into an aqueous solution

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6
Q

Indicator

A

A chemical that changes colour to show whether a substance is acidic, basic or neutral

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7
Q

What colour does litmus paper turn when dipped into a base?

A

Blue, b or base and b or blue

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8
Q

What colour does litmus paper turn when dipped into an acid

A

Red

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9
Q

Cation

A

An ion that has fewer electrons than protons, making it positively charged

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10
Q

Anion

A

An ion with more electrons than protons, making it negatively charged

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11
Q

pH

A

A scale used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a substance

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12
Q

Hydrogen ion

A

H+, released by acids

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13
Q

Hydroxide ion

A

OH- , released by bases

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14
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Respiration that uses oxygen as a reactant to change glucose into energy

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15
Q

Alveoli

A

Microscopic air sacs in the lungs that allow oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed from the bloodstream

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16
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Respiration that does not require oxygen to convert glucose into energy

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17
Q

Antacids

A

Tablets or liquid used to relieve heart burn

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18
Q

Chloroplast

A

Organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll, where photosynthesis happens

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19
Q

Combustion

A

A rapid reaction with oxygen, that produces energy in the form of heat or light

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20
Q

Complete combustion

A

Combustion that occurs when there is unlimited amount of oxygen available, it produces carbon dioxide and water vapour

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21
Q

Incomplete combustion

A

Combustion that occurs when there is a limited amount of oxygen available, produces carbon and carbon monoxide

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22
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Reaction that absorbs energy

23
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

Reaction that gives off energy

24
Q

Enzyme

A

A chemical that helps a chemical reaction, but is not used up in the reaction

25
Q

Glucose

A

A simple sugar, product of photosynthesis and reactant of respiration, C6H12O6

26
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A green chemical found the chloroplast of a green plant, traps suns energy for photosynthesis

27
Q

Chemical digestion

A

The process that breaks down large molecules in food into smaller ones that can be absorbed by the body

28
Q

Carbon sink

A

Materials that store carbon in their structures, eg plants and animals

29
Q

Mitochondria

A

Organelles in plant and animal cells where respiration takes place

30
Q

Respiration

A

A series of chemical reactions that release energy from glucose, takes place in the mitochondria

31
Q

Hydrated iron oxide

A

F2 O3 H2O

32
Q

Stomata

A

Microscopic holes in the leaves of plants, where gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide or water vapour can enter and exit the plant

33
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Endothermic reaction that takes place in green plants, uses energy for sunlight to combine water and carbon dioxide, to produce glucose and oxygen

34
Q

Properties of metals (STEM DLD)

A
  • solid at room temperature
  • thermal conductors
  • electrical conductors
  • malleable
  • ductile
  • lustrous
  • dense
35
Q

What is nanotechnology

A

The design, production and application of structures, by controlling shape and size at the nanometer scale

36
Q

Difference between strong and weak acids

A

Strong: when added to water most of its molecules release hydrogen ions into the solution
Weak: when added to water, only a few of its molecules release hydrogen ions

37
Q

Properties of acids

A
  • corrosive
  • sour taste
  • blue litmus paper red
  • Conduct electricity
  • are neutralised by bases
38
Q

Properties of bases

A
  • Caustic
  • soapy, slimed feel
  • turns red litmus paper blue
  • have a bitter taste
  • conduct electricity
39
Q

Difference between strong and weak bases

A

Strong: produce lots of hydroxide irons
Weak: only produce a few hydroxide ions

40
Q

Acid plus metal

A

Acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen gas

41
Q

Neutralisation

A

Acid + base –> salt + water

42
Q

Acid plus carbonate

A

Acid + carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

43
Q

Properties of non-metals

A
  • poor conductors of heat and electricity
  • brittle
  • relatively low melting and boiling points
  • dull
44
Q

Metalloid

A

An element that usually displays the properties of a non-metal but conducts electricity like a metal

45
Q

Malleable

A

Able to be hammered into new shapes

46
Q

Acid pH

A

Bellow 7

47
Q

Base pH

A

Above 7

48
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

During a chemical reaction, atoms cannot be created or destroyed

49
Q

Corrosion

A

The break down of metals due to their reactions with other chemicals

50
Q

Anodising

A

A way of protecting aluminium from corrosion

51
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

Light
Carbon dioxide + water ———–> glucose + oxygen
Chlorophyll

52
Q

Aerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy

53
Q

Carbon dating

A

A method of judging the age of fossils by analysing the amount of carbon - 14 in them

Science (6 decks)

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