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Human Anatomy And Physiology > Topic 4 > Flashcards

Topic 4 Flashcards

Tissues are groups of cells with a common role. In this topic, you will see how cells with specialised function are grouped to produce the four tissue types found within the human body.

1
Q

What is histology?

A

The science that deals with the study of tissues.

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2
Q

What are the major tissue types?

A

Epithelia, connective, muscular, nervous.

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3
Q

Another word for apical

A

free

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4
Q

What is avascular?

A

No blood vessels

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5
Q

How many layers are in a stratified epithelium?

A

1

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6
Q

What are the 4 diffrent types of cell shapes?

A

Squamous (flat)
Cuboidal (Tall and wide)
Columnar (tall)
Transitional (vary, changes shape)

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7
Q

Descibe the function of simple squamous epithelium and its function

A

Single layered, diffusion, osmosis, filtration, absorption. Found in lymphatic vessels and abdominal cavity.

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8
Q

Descibe the function of simple cuboidal epithelium and its function

A

Secretion and absorption. Covers ovaries, lines kidney tubules.

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9
Q

Descibe the function of simple columnar epithelium and its function

A

Secretion and absorption. Lines GI tract from stomach.

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10
Q

Descibe the function of simple ciliated columnar epithelium and its function

A

Moves mucus by ciliary action. Lines upper respiratory tract, uterine tubules, unterous.

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11
Q

Descibe the function of stratified squamous epithelium and its function

A

Contains keratin and serves as a protective barrier against microbes, heat, and chemicals. Lines mouth, tongue, esophagus, vagina.

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12
Q

Descibe the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium and its function

A

Functions in protection, and limited secretion and absorption. Male urethra.

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13
Q

Descibe the function of stratified scolumnar epithelium and its function

A

Functions in protection and secretion. Lines male urethra

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14
Q

Descibe the function of transitional epithelium and its function

A

For organ expansion and prevents organ rupture. Lines vurinary bladder, parts of ureter and urethra.

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15
Q

Descibe the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium and its function

A

Lines large ecretory ducts, male urethra, male reproductive system.

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16
Q

What is the funtion of glandular epitherlium?

A

Secretion

17
Q

What is he different exocrine glands and edocrine glands?

A

Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts that empty at the surface or directly onto a free surface while endocrine release their secretion into the bloodstream.

18
Q

What is the functions of connective tissue?

A

Protection, support, binding and storage.

19
Q

The five different connective tissue cells are

  • Fibroblasts
  • Macrophages
  • Plasma Cells (B lymphocytes)
  • Mast Cells
  • Adipocytes

Describe each of them.

A

Fibroblasts- present in several tissures. Secretory function.

Macrophages- from monocytes. Engulf bacteria by phagocytosis.

Plasma cells- develop from B lymphocytes. Make antibodies.

Mast cells- near blood cells. Part of reaction to injury, release histamine.

Adipocytes- fat cells or adipose cells. Store triglycerides (fat)

20
Q

What is included in the extracellular matrix?

A

Fluid, gel or solid plus protein fibers
Ground substance - between cells and fibers.
Fibres.

21
Q

Name the three types of fibres in the extracellular matrix

A

Collagen, elastic fibres and reticular fibres.

22
Q

Name the 3 types of cartilage.

A

Hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic.

23
Q

What is elastic fibres composed of?

A

Protein elastin

24
Q

What is reticular fibres composed of?

A

Collage and glycoprotein.

25
Q

Connective tissue includes what types?

A

Loosse and dense, cartilage, bone and lymph.

26
Q

What is the function of adipose and where can it be found?

A

Subcutaneous tissue around heart and kidneys, marrow of long bones, joints.

Heat loss reduction, support, protection, and energy reserve

27
Q

What is the function of areolar and where can it be found?

A

Around organs, dermis of skin and tissue with fibroblasts, subcutaneous layer.

Strength, elasticity, and support.

28
Q

What is the function of dense regular and irregular and where can it be found?

A

Tendons, ligaments protection, heart, bone, liver, testes and lymph nodes.

Support and attachment, provides strength.

29
Q

What is a blood tissue?

A

Blood tissue is a specialised liquid connective tissue.

30
Q

What is a lymph?

A

It is a fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels.

31
Q

What is a muscular tissue?

A

Specialised tissue that generates force, motion. Maintaines posture and produces heat.

32
Q

What type of cells are in a nervour tissue?

A

Neurons and neuroglia.

33
Q

What is neuroglia?

A

Provides cellular support for nervous tissue. Does not generate or conduct nerve impulses

Human Anatomy And Physiology (6 decks)

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