Topic 4 Flashcards
Tissues are groups of cells with a common role. In this topic, you will see how cells with specialised function are grouped to produce the four tissue types found within the human body.
What is histology?
The science that deals with the study of tissues.
What are the major tissue types?
Epithelia, connective, muscular, nervous.
Another word for apical
free
What is avascular?
No blood vessels
How many layers are in a stratified epithelium?
1
What are the 4 diffrent types of cell shapes?
Squamous (flat)
Cuboidal (Tall and wide)
Columnar (tall)
Transitional (vary, changes shape)
Descibe the function of simple squamous epithelium and its function
Single layered, diffusion, osmosis, filtration, absorption. Found in lymphatic vessels and abdominal cavity.
Descibe the function of simple cuboidal epithelium and its function
Secretion and absorption. Covers ovaries, lines kidney tubules.
Descibe the function of simple columnar epithelium and its function
Secretion and absorption. Lines GI tract from stomach.
Descibe the function of simple ciliated columnar epithelium and its function
Moves mucus by ciliary action. Lines upper respiratory tract, uterine tubules, unterous.
Descibe the function of stratified squamous epithelium and its function
Contains keratin and serves as a protective barrier against microbes, heat, and chemicals. Lines mouth, tongue, esophagus, vagina.
Descibe the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium and its function
Functions in protection, and limited secretion and absorption. Male urethra.
Descibe the function of stratified scolumnar epithelium and its function
Functions in protection and secretion. Lines male urethra
Descibe the function of transitional epithelium and its function
For organ expansion and prevents organ rupture. Lines vurinary bladder, parts of ureter and urethra.
Descibe the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium and its function
Lines large ecretory ducts, male urethra, male reproductive system.
What is the funtion of glandular epitherlium?
Secretion
What is he different exocrine glands and edocrine glands?
Exocrine glands secrete products into ducts that empty at the surface or directly onto a free surface while endocrine release their secretion into the bloodstream.
What is the functions of connective tissue?
Protection, support, binding and storage.
The five different connective tissue cells are
- Fibroblasts
- Macrophages
- Plasma Cells (B lymphocytes)
- Mast Cells
- Adipocytes
Describe each of them.
Fibroblasts- present in several tissures. Secretory function.
Macrophages- from monocytes. Engulf bacteria by phagocytosis.
Plasma cells- develop from B lymphocytes. Make antibodies.
Mast cells- near blood cells. Part of reaction to injury, release histamine.
Adipocytes- fat cells or adipose cells. Store triglycerides (fat)
What is included in the extracellular matrix?
Fluid, gel or solid plus protein fibers
Ground substance - between cells and fibers.
Fibres.
Name the three types of fibres in the extracellular matrix
Collagen, elastic fibres and reticular fibres.
Name the 3 types of cartilage.
Hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic.
What is elastic fibres composed of?
Protein elastin
What is reticular fibres composed of?
Collage and glycoprotein.
Connective tissue includes what types?
Loosse and dense, cartilage, bone and lymph.
What is the function of adipose and where can it be found?
Subcutaneous tissue around heart and kidneys, marrow of long bones, joints.
Heat loss reduction, support, protection, and energy reserve
What is the function of areolar and where can it be found?
Around organs, dermis of skin and tissue with fibroblasts, subcutaneous layer.
Strength, elasticity, and support.
What is the function of dense regular and irregular and where can it be found?
Tendons, ligaments protection, heart, bone, liver, testes and lymph nodes.
Support and attachment, provides strength.
What is a blood tissue?
Blood tissue is a specialised liquid connective tissue.
What is a lymph?
It is a fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels.
What is a muscular tissue?
Specialised tissue that generates force, motion. Maintaines posture and produces heat.
What type of cells are in a nervour tissue?
Neurons and neuroglia.
What is neuroglia?
Provides cellular support for nervous tissue. Does not generate or conduct nerve impulses
