Topic 2 Flashcards
This topic involves the study of cells, plasma membrane and its chemistry and structure. The topic also includes the different types of transports across the plasma membrane, the functions of different organelles, protein synthesis and cell division.
Name three main parts of the cell
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
What are the two types of proteins in a phospholipid bilayer?
Intergral and pheripheral.
What is the fluid called in the micoscopic spaces between cells of tissues?
Interstitial fluid.
What are examples of passive processes (no ATP required)?
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
What is facilitated diffusion?
It is when molecules, such as glucose, bind to a transporter on one side of the membrane and are released on the other side.
Describe endocytosis?
Movement of substances through plasma membrane in which the membrane surrounds the substance, encloses it, forming a vesicle and brings it into the cell.
Example of endocytosis?
Phagocytosis
What is phagocytosis?
It is when white blood cells destroy bacteria and other foreign agents.
What is bulk phase endocytosis and what is it also know as?
It is also known as pinocytosis and it is the ingestion of tiny droplets of extracellular fluid.
What is exocytosis?
Movement of substances by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.
What is the function of the cytosol?
It is the site of ,any chemical reactions that maintain cell structures and allows cellular growth.
Name the three parts which makes up the cytoskeleton
Microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments.
Describe structure microfilaments and what is their function?
Rod like structures, involved in contractions, provide support, shape.
What is the function of intermediate filaments?
Provide structural reinforcement.
Describe microtubules and what is their function?
Long, hollow tubes, provide support and shape. Provide frameworks for cilia and flagella.
