Topic 4 Flashcards
Why is auditory training assessed?
assess the auditory abilities of the person with hearing impairment to:
-determine level of auditory development to make decisions about intervention
-measure progress
-determine the benefit from amplification
-identify specific problem areas
What external factors influence speech perception?
-noise
-reverberation
-distance
-directionality
Why do external factors affect speech perception?
It makes the defective cochlea further distort the acoustic signal/pattern, therefore negatively affecting how someone will understand the message.
Describe how noise is a =n external factor affecting speech perception
noise is energy that is not informative/important to the listener.
-it impacts attention, memory and learning
-it masks the speech signal
-noise blends with the speech signal, therefore, making it difficult to perceive speech patterns
How does reverberation inpact speech perception?
the speech signal/acoustic wave bounces off reflective surfaces in the space and thus distorts the speech pattern rather than directly reaching the listener at the specific intensity. This reflective action makes the speech signal softer. because energy is lost
Speech discrimination drops
How does distance affect speech perception?
- distance between speaker and listener impacts reverberation.
-long reverberation time means that a child with hearing problem will have to be seated close to the speaker to decrease distance and reverberation.
Describe how direction impacts speech perception
-voice has directional quality, thus how one perceived a speech signal is determined by the angle at which the speaker is standing at.
-frequencies are affected
-depending on the orientation of the listener’s head, the sound at the ear drum based on the direction of the speech signal will differ.
what is signal-to-noise ratio?
vocal intensity will increase as environmental noise increases. Raising your vocal intensity will increase intelligibility.
Raising voice intensity and moving closer to person involuntarily/voluntarily will help to produce speech at an intensity above the noise/background noise level
- subtract background noise from speech signal
- positive SNR= speech signal intensity >noise level (+10dB)
-negative SNR= noise level intensity> speech signal (-10dB)
4 different approaches to auditory training
-analytic- break speech into smaller components that will be used for discrimination tasks (ba VS bi)
-synthetic- use clues by providing prior info to practice perception of sentences
-pragmatic- train person to control communication situation by asking for clarity, repetition or moving closer to speaker
Considerations for auditory training ASSESSMENT of a child
-have appropriate fitted sensory aid worn all the time
-input must be provided clearly and fall within child’s hearing range
-understand child’s auditory potential
-be in quiet environment
-provide opportunity for success by making it meaningful and interesting
Auditory training therapy for a child considerations
- goals must meet individual needs
- Monitor the acoustic environment
-address child appropriately
-be familiar with child’s aided/unaided audiogram and device
Define Auditory Training and its ultimate goal
teaches the child/adult to apply their impaired hearing abilites to its fullest capacity in language communication despite the degree of damage to the auditory system.
Teach person to develop awareness of sound, discriminate between verbal and nonverbal sounds and make gross and small discriminations of speech stimuli (only)
GOAL= achieve maximum communication potential using auditory system to improve listening skills and speech perception.
