Topic 3 Revision Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
Urbanisation is the growth in the proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas.
Which regions had the highest levels of urbanisation before 1980?
Developed regions such as North America, Oceania, Europe and Latin America
What is a megacity.
A megacity is a city which has a population of over 10 million.
What is the definition of a primacy?
A primacy (also known as world city) is a city that has a high level of influence and importance in world affairs.
How has the level and rate of urbanisation change around the world from 2010 to 2020?
.
How will the level and rate of urbanisation change in the future 2020 onwards?
Emerging countries are predicted to develop the fastest compared to other countries due to an increase in industry and money entering the government due to high levels of urbanisation.
How has the number and location of megacities changed over time? Where are they and where
has the greatest growth occurred?
.
Why is urbanisation happening so quickly in some places (2 factors)
There is an increase in taxes due to more workers entering the area as they offer a higher quality of life and better paying jobs.
What is rural to urban migration
Migration inside of a country which consists of people moving from a rural area to a city.
Give definitions of push and pull factors
A push factor is a factor that discourages people from living in a certain area.
A pull factor is a factor that attracts people to move into a certain area.
Explain the reasons why cities in Developing countries such as Kampala (Uganda) are growing?
.
Explain the reasons why some cities in Developed countries such as New York and London are
growing?
They offer high skill jobs which encourages high skilled workers from foreign and UK/NY universities to go to LDN/NY due to the high availability of high skilled jobs which are available to them.
Contrast the growth in New York and Kampala – are there different reasons?
New york is growing due to an increase in skilled workers entering while kampala is growing due to urbanisation as the urban areas offer higher paid jobs and a better quality of life
Explain the reasons why some cities in Developed countries such as Detroit/Hull are shrinking?
De industrialisation and the decline of manual industries and the increase of robotics in manufacturing causes people to move out of the area due to lack of jobs.
Define informal and formal employment
Informal employment is that is not regulated by the government and therefore is not taxed.
Formal employment is employment that is regulated by the government and taxed, it features minimum wage and protection for workers.
Give an example of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary job
Primary- harvesting resources
Secondary- manufacturing resources into secondary goods
Tertiary- Services
Quarternery- Research and Development
Explain how the economy changes as a country develops (developing- emerging- developed) to
consider: formal and informal, sectors (P, S, T, Q), working conditions etc
.
Contrast urbanisation and counter-urbanisation (consider movement, location, time period- when
it happened, wealth and qualifications of person)
Urbanisation is when people moved into urban areas due to the increase in quality of life and higher paying jobs.
Counter-urbanisation is when people decided to move put of urban areas and into the suburbs and rural areas due to a decrease in industry and lower quality of life.
What is suburbanisation and why did it happen?
Suburbanisation is when people move from the CBD to the suburbs for ease of transport to their jobs in the CBD while having good living conditions.
How did suburbanisation affect where people lived?
Suburbanisation meant that people lived in the suburbs in semi detached houses.
Why did counter-urbanisation happen?
Counter urbanisation occurred due to the decline of urban areas into brownfield sites, this caused the population to move out of the area and into a rural environment, leading to a declining urban area.
What is re-urbanisation and why does it happen?
Re-urbanisation occurs when an declined urban area gets regenerated and attracts people to move there, it causes an improvement to the overall health of the area.
How moves back to urban areas in re-urbanisation (wealth, skills, job types…)
Re-urbanisation encourages people to move into the area as it offers high paying jobs, high skilled jobs and opportunities for young people and high skilled workers
What is the difference between Commercial, Industrial and Residential land in urban areas?
Commercial land is used for business
Industrial land is used for manufacturing
Residential land is used for housing
Where (CBD/Inner City/Suburbs/RUF) do you find Commerce, Industrial and Residential?
Commerce is found in the CBD
Residential is found in the Inner city/ suburbs
Industrial is found in the rural urban fringe
How does accessibility affect the land use?
Areas with high accessibility tend to be in the CBD due to numerous transport links which encourages commercial building to be built there such as businesses and commercial offices.
How does planning affect land use?
Areas which have strict planning regulations tend to be used for housing due to the inability to build up the building while areas which have lower planning regulations will be used for factories and manufacturing due to the increased amount of space available.
How does availability and cost affect land use?
Areas with high cost will be used for commercial builds due to people investing in these areas wanting to earn money back from their investment.
