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T1 PHYSIOLOGY > Topic 3 - Membranes & Integumentary System > Flashcards

Topic 3 - Membranes & Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

A sheet of tissue covering or lining a part of the body.

A

Membrane

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2
Q

A membrane that is epithelial tissue with an underlying connective tissue layer.

A

Epithelial Membrane

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3
Q

What are the 3 types of epithelial membranes?

A

1) Mucous
2) Serous
3) Cutaneous

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4
Q

A type of epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity that opens directly to the exterior. It is epithelium with a connective tissue base. It functions as protection and absorption.

A

Mucous (aka. Mucosa)

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5
Q

A type of epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity that does not open directly to the exterior and also covers organs within the cavity. Simple squamous epithelium secretes serous fluid for lubrication.

A

Serous

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6
Q

What are the 2 layers of serous membranes?

A

1) Parietal
2) Visceral

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7
Q

The layer of a serous membrane that lines the cavity wall.

A

Parietal

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8
Q

The layer of a serous membrane that covers and adheres to organs in the cavity.

A

Visceral

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9
Q

A type of epithelial membrane consisting of the dermis and epidermis.

A

Cutaneous (aka. Skin)

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10
Q

A membrane that lines freely movable joint cavities and does not open to the exterior. There is no epithelium, but instead is made up of synoviocytes with a CT base.

A

Synovial Membrane

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11
Q

Fluid that lubricates and nourishes joint cartilage. Contains macrophages that help fight infections and clean up within the joint cavity.

A

Synovial Fluid

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12
Q

A system with functions that include protection, thermoregulation, blood reservoir, excretion and vitamin synthesis.

A

Integumentary System

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13
Q

What are the 3 structural components of the integumentary system from superficial to deep?

A

1) Epidermis
2) Dermis
3) Subcutaneous Tissue

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14
Q

A superficial layer of stratified squamous epithelium that is avascular and part of the integumentary system.

A

Epidermis

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15
Q

Some different types of _________ cells include:
- Keratinocytes
- Melanocytes
- Langerhans Cells
- Merkel Cells

A

Epidermal

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16
Q

A type of epidermal cell that produces keratin and the deeper cells are constantly dividing. Makes up majority of epidermal cells.

A

Keratinocytes

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17
Q

A type of epidermal cell that produces melanin, which protects cells from UV radiation and gives your skin its colour/tone.

A

Melanocytes

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18
Q

A type of epidermal cell that is responsible for recognizing foreign and harmful antigens, along with helping to remove them.

A

Langerhans Cells

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19
Q

A type of epidermal cell that is involved in the sensation of touch.

A

Merkel Cells

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20
Q

What are the 5 epidermal layers from superficial to deep?

A

1) Stratum Corneum
2) Stratum Lucidum
3) Stratum Granulosum
4) Stratum Spinosum
5) Stratum Basale

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21
Q

The most superficial epidermal layer consisting of flat, dead keratinocytes that are shed.

A

Stratum Corneum

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22
Q

An epidermal layer consisting of flat, dead keratinocytes that are clear-coloured.

A

Stratum Lucidum

23
Q

An epidermal layer in which the cells are dying.

A

Stratum Granulosum

24
Q

An epidermal layer that provides strength and flexibility to the skin.

A

Stratum Spinosum

25
Q

The deepest epidermal layer consisting of a single row of keratinocytes anchored to the basement membrane. It undergoes continuous mitosis.

A

Stratum Basale (aka. Germinativum)

26
Q

A connective tissue layer made up of collagen and elastin, separating the epidermis and underlying adipose layer. Contains blood vessels, nerves, sweat/oil glands and hair. It is part of the integumentary system.

A

Dermis

27
Q

Touch receptors found in the dermis.

A

Meissner Corpuscles

28
Q

Structures that sense pain and temperature found in the dermis.

A

Free Nerve Endings

29
Q

Structures that sense pressure and vibration in the dermis.

A

Pacinian Corpuscles

30
Q

Areolar and adipose tissue that serves as a shock absorber/insulator in the integumentary system.

A

Subcutaneous Tissue (aka Hypodermis)

31
Q

A substance in the body that hair, eye and skin pigmentation (e.g. pale yellow, tan, black).

A

Melanin

32
Q

Yellow-orange skin tone indicates the presence of ________.

A

Carotene

33
Q

Red/pink skin tone indicates the presence of __________.

A

Hemoglobin

34
Q

Redness or erythema is an indication of an ____________ response.

A

Inflammatory

35
Q

Blue skin tone is an indication of ________.

A

Cyanosis

36
Q

Blue/black skin tone indicates ___ bruising.

A

New

37
Q

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

A

Jaundice

38
Q

Yellow/green skin tone indicates ___ bruising.

A

Old

39
Q

The portion of hair that projects beyond the skin surface.

A

Shaft

40
Q

The part of the hair deep to the shaft that penetrates into the dermis.

A

Root

40
Q

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

A

Jaundice

41
Q

The portion surrounding the hair root, which produces dead keratinized cells.

A

Follicle

42
Q

The muscle that contracts to pull the hair upright.

A

Arrector Pili Muscle

43
Q

The component that lubricates the hair.

A

Sebaceous Glands

44
Q

Some different functions of ____ include:
- Protection & filtration
- Thermoregulation
- Sensation

A

Hair

45
Q

Glands that exist all over the skin (expect for the palms/soles) that secrete oil.

A

Sebaceous (aka. Oil) Glands

46
Q

A substance that keeps the skin moist, prevents hair from becoming dry/brittle and kills surface bacteria.

A

Sebum

47
Q

Glands that release sweat through pores and sometimes hair follicles. Function in thermoregulation and waste removal.

A

Sudoriferous (aka. Sweat) Glands

48
Q

Glands found in the external ear that produce ear wax.

A

Ceruminous Glands

49
Q

Substance that helps prevent foreign bodies from entering the ear.

A

Cerumen

50
Q

Hardened plates of tightly packed, hard, dead and keratinized epidermal cells. Functions include protection, small object manipulation, scratching and health status information.

A

Nails

51
Q

Damages the skin from acute overexposure by damaging the DNA, collagen and elastic fibres.

A

Sun

51
Q

Yellow skin tone is an indication of ________.

A

Jaundice

52
Q

Causes collagen fibres in the skin to decrease in number and become dysfunctional. Elastin loses its elasticity, fibroblasts decrease in number and skin becomes thinner.

A

Aging

T1 PHYSIOLOGY (15 decks)

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